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This study investigates enhancing option pricing by extending the Black-Scholes model to include stochastic volatility and interest rate variability within the Partial Differential Equation (PDE). The PDE is solved using the finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Nikhil Shivakumar Nayak

In this paper we study dynamic pricing mechanisms of financial derivatives. A typical model of such pricing mechanism is the so-called g--expectation defined by solutions of a backward stochastic differential equation with g as its…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-12-02 Shige Peng

We model the logarithm of the price (log-price) of a financial asset as a random variable obtained by projecting an operator stable random vector with a scaling index matrix $\underline{\underline{E}}$ onto a non-random vector. The scaling…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Przemysław Repetowicz , Peter Richmond

Model uncertainty is a type of inevitable financial risk. Mistakes on the choice of pricing model may cause great financial losses. In this paper we investigate financial markets with mean-volatility uncertainty. Models for stock markets…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2014-07-31 Yuhong Xu

In financial mathematics, it is a typical approach to approximate financial markets operating in discrete time by continuous-time models such as the Black Scholes model. Fitting this model gives rise to difficulties due to the discrete…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-01-11 Kathrin Hellmuth , Christian Klingenberg

Option pricing in real markets faces fundamental challenges. The Black--Scholes--Merton (BSM) model assumes constant volatility and uses a linear generator $g(t,x,y,z)=-ry$, while lacking explicit behavioral factors, resulting in systematic…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-28 Yilun Zhang , Zheng Tang , Hexiang Sun , Yufeng Shi

Options are financial instruments that depend on the underlying stock. We explain their non-Gaussian fluctuations using the nonextensive thermodynamics parameter $q$. A generalized form of the Black-Scholes (B-S) partial differential…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Lisa Borland

The G-expectation is a sublinear expectation. It is an important tool for pricing financial products and managing risk thanks to its ability to deal with model uncertainty. The problem is how to efficiently quantify it since the commonly…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-05 Z. T. Pei , X. Y. Yue , X. T. Zheng

A new mathematical model for the Black-Scholes equation is proposed to forecast option prices. This model includes new interval for the price of the underlying stock as well as new initial and boundary conditions. Conventional notions of…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-13 Michael V. Klibanov , Andrey V. Kuzhuget

Option contracts can be valued by using the Black-Scholes equation, a partial differential equation with initial conditions. An exact solution for European style options is known. The computation time and the error need to be minimized…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2014-04-30 Snehanshu Saha , Swati Routh , Bidisha Goswami

Based on the analog between the stochastic dynamics and quantum harmonic oscillator, we propose a market force driving model to generalize the Black-Scholes model in finance market. We give new schemes of option pricing, in which we can…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-05 Pengpeng Li , Shi-Dong Liang

The Black-Scholes option pricing model remains a cornerstone in financial mathematics, yet its application is often challenged by the need for accurate hedging strategies, especially in dynamic market environments. This paper presents a…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-07 Agni Rakshit , Gautam Bandyopadhyay , Tanujit Chakraborty

We study time consistent dynamic pricing mechanisms of European contingent claims under uncertainty by using G framework introduced by Peng ([24]). We consider a financial market consisting of a riskless asset and a risky stock with price…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2013-10-01 Wei Chen

The standard Black-Scholes theory of option pricing is extended to cope with underlying return fluctuations described by general probability distributions. A Langevin process and its related Fokker-Planck equation are devised to model the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 L. Moriconi

This paper presents a new model for options pricing. The Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) model plays an important role in financial options pricing. However, the BSM model assumes that the risk-free interest rate, volatility, and equity premium…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-08-29 Nicole Hao , Echo Li , Diep Luong-Le

We propose a novel Black-Scholes model under which the stock price processes are modeled by stochastic differential equations driven by sub-diffusions. The new framework can capture the less financial activity phenomenon during the bear…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Shuaiqi Zhang , Zhen-Qing Chen

We consider a model of linear market impact, and address the problem of replicating a contingent claim in this framework. We derive a non-linear Black-Scholes Equation that provides an exact replication strategy. This equation is fully…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2016-08-15 Gregoire Loeper

The classical linear Black--Scholes model for pricing derivative securities is a popular model in financial industry. It relies on several restrictive assumptions such as completeness, and frictionless of the market as well as the…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-01-23 Jose Cruz , Daniel Sevcovic

We consider a non-stochastic online learning approach to price financial options by modeling the market dynamic as a repeated game between the nature (adversary) and the investor. We demonstrate that such framework yields analogous…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-06-25 Henry Lam , Zhenming Liu

Differential equations can be used to construct predictive models of a diverse set of real-world phenomena like heat transfer, predator-prey interactions, and missile tracking. In our work, we explore one particular application of…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-28 Brandon Kaplowitz , Siddharth G. Reddy
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