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This paper describes our zero-shot approaches for the Visual Word Sense Disambiguation (VWSD) Task in English. Our preliminary study shows that the simple approach of matching candidate images with the phrase using CLIP suffers from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Jie S. Li , Yow-Ting Shiue , Yong-Siang Shih , Jonas Geiping

Large-scale models trained on extensive datasets, have emerged as the preferred approach due to their high generalizability across various tasks. In-context learning (ICL), a popular strategy in natural language processing, uses such models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Jiahao Zhang , Bowen Wang , Liangzhi Li , Yuta Nakashima , Hajime Nagahara

Prompt learning is a parameter-efficient approach for vision-language models, yet its robustness under label noise is less investigated. Visual content contains richer and more reliable semantic information, which remains more robust under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zibin Geng , Xuefeng Jiang , Jia Li , Zheng Li , Tian Wen , Lvhua Wu , Sheng Sun , Yuwei Wang , Min Liu

Video anomaly detection under weak supervision presents significant challenges, particularly due to the lack of frame-level annotations during training. While prior research has utilized graph convolution networks and self-attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Yujiang Pu , Xiaoyu Wu , Lulu Yang , Shengjin Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, play a foundational role in various cross-modal applications. To fully leverage VLMs' potential in adapting to downstream tasks, context optimization methods like Prompt Tuning are essential.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Enming Zhang , Bingke Zhu , Yingying Chen , Qinghai Miao , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

The evolution of prompt learning methodologies has driven exploration of deeper prompt designs to enhance model performance. However, current deep text prompting approaches suffer from two critical limitations: Over-reliance on constrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Qiqi Zhan , Shiwei Li , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

Recent approaches leveraging multi-modal pre-trained models like CLIP for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) have shown significant promise in bridging domain gaps and improving generalization by utilizing rich semantic knowledge and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Tung-Long Vuong , Hoang Phan , Vy Vo , Anh Bui , Thanh-Toan Do , Trung Le , Dinh Phung

Large pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP have shown great potential in learning representations that are transferable across a wide range of downstream tasks. Different from the traditional representation learning that is based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Kaiyang Zhou , Jingkang Yang , Chen Change Loy , Ziwei Liu

Although foundational vision-language models (VLMs) have proven to be very successful for various semantic discrimination tasks, they still struggle to perform faithfully for fine-grained categorization. Moreover, foundational models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Soumitri Chattopadhyay , Sanket Biswas , Emanuele Vivoli , Josep Lladós

The application of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) in Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) research powerful cross-modal semantic understanding capabilities. Existing methods attempt to optimize input text prompts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zhongxing Xu , Feilong Tang , Zhe Chen , Yingxue Su , Zhiyi Zhao , Ge Zhang , Jionglong Su , Zongyuan Ge

Generative models have shown significant achievements in audio generation tasks. However, existing models struggle with complex and detailed prompts, leading to potential performance degradation. We hypothesize that this problem stems from…

The global rise in the number of people with physical disabilities, in part due to improvements in post-trauma survivorship and longevity, has amplified the demand for advanced assistive technologies to improve mobility and independence.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yifan Xu , Vineet Kamat , Carol Menassa

Visual-textual correlations in the attention maps derived from text-to-image diffusion models are proven beneficial to dense visual prediction tasks, e.g., semantic segmentation. However, a significant challenge arises due to the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Jiayi Lin , Jiabo Huang , Jian Hu , Shaogang Gong

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) model has exhibited remarkable efficacy in establishing cross-modal connections between texts and images, yielding impressive performance across a broad spectrum of downstream applications…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Yi Zhang , Ce Zhang , Ke Yu , Yushun Tang , Zhihai He

Visually grounded speech systems learn from paired images and their spoken captions. Recently, there have been attempts to utilize the visually grounded models trained from images and their corresponding text captions, such as CLIP, to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Saurabhchand Bhati , Jesús Villalba , Laureano Moro-Velazquez , Thomas Thebaud , Najim Dehak

Contrastive language--audio pretraining (CLAP) has achieved remarkable success as an audio--text embedding framework, but existing approaches are limited to monaural or single-source conditions and cannot fully capture spatial information.…

Textual-based prompt learning methods primarily employ multiple learnable soft prompts and hard class tokens in a cascading manner as text inputs, aiming to align image and text (category) spaces for downstream tasks. However, current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Zheng Li , Yibing Song , Ming-Ming Cheng , Xiang Li , Jian Yang

Vision-language models such as CLIP achieve strong visual-textual alignment, but often suffer from overfitting and limited interpretability when adapted through continuous prompt learning. While discrete prompt optimization improves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yating Wang , Yaqi Zhao , Yongshun Gong , Yilong Yin , Haoliang Sun

Humans can robustly recognize and localize objects by integrating visual and auditory cues. While machines are able to do the same now with images, less work has been done with sounds. This work develops an approach for dense semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Arun Balajee Vasudevan , Dengxin Dai , Luc Van Gool

As data requirements continue to grow, efficient learning increasingly depends on the curation and distillation of high-value data rather than brute-force scaling of model sizes. In the case of a hyperspectral image (HSI), the challenge is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Abhiroop Chatterjee , Susmita Ghosh