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Robots are increasingly used to carry out critical missions in extreme environments that are hazardous for humans. This requires a high degree of operational autonomy under uncertain conditions, and poses new challenges for assuring the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Xingyu Zhao , Valentin Robu , David Flynn , Fateme Dinmohammadi , Michael Fisher , Matt Webster

Embodied agents powered by vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly capable of executing complex real-world tasks, yet they remain vulnerable to hazardous instructions that may trigger unsafe behaviors. Runtime safety guardrails,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Le Wang , Zonghao Ying , Xiao Yang , Quanchen Zou , Zhenfei Yin , Tianlin Li , Jian Yang , Yaodong Yang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Autonomous robots must utilize rich sensory data to make safe control decisions. To process this data, compute-constrained robots often require assistance from remote computation, or the cloud, that runs compute-intensive deep neural…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Sai Shankar Narasimhan , Sharachchandra Bhat , Sandeep P. Chinchali

Simulation plays a central role in scientific discovery. In many applications, the bottleneck is no longer running a simulator; it is choosing among large families of plausible simulators, each corresponding to different forward…

Autonomous off-road driving is challenging as risky actions taken by the robot may lead to catastrophic damage. As such, developing controllers in simulation is often desirable as it provides a safer and more economical alternative.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Sean J. Wang , Honghao Zhu , Aaron M. Johnson

Evaluating and updating the obstacle avoidance velocity for an autonomous robot in real-time ensures robustness against noise and disturbances. A passive damping controller can obtain the desired motion with a torque-controlled robot, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Lukas Huber , Thibaud Trinca , Jean-Jacques Slotine , Aude Billard

In this paper, we present an online reinforcement learning algorithm for constrained Markov decision processes with a safety constraint. Despite the necessary attention of the scientific community, considering stochastic stopping time, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Abhijit Mazumdar , Rafal Wisniewski , Manuela L. Bujorianu

Recently, learning-based controllers have been shown to push mobile robotic systems to their limits and provide the robustness needed for many real-world applications. However, only classical optimization-based control frameworks offer the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Leonard Bauersfeld , Elia Kaufmann , Davide Scaramuzza

Simulation stands as a cornerstone for safe and efficient autonomous driving development. At its core a simulation system ought to produce realistic, reactive, and controllable traffic patterns. In this paper, we propose ProSim, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Shuhan Tan , Boris Ivanovic , Yuxiao Chen , Boyi Li , Xinshuo Weng , Yulong Cao , Philipp Krähenbühl , Marco Pavone

We present our approach for the development, validation and deployment of a data-driven decision-making function for the automated control of a vehicle. The decisionmaking function, based on an artificial neural network is trained to steer…

Recent Foundation Model-enabled robotics (FMRs) display greatly improved general-purpose skills, enabling more adaptable automation than conventional robotics. Their ability to handle diverse tasks thus creates new opportunities to replace…

The high penetration of renewable energy and power electronic equipment bring significant challenges to the efficient construction of adaptive emergency control strategies against various presumed contingencies in today's power systems.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-28 Congbo Bi , Lipeng Zhu , Di Liu , Chao Lu

Maintaining stability in feedback systems, from aircraft and autonomous robots to biological and physiological systems, relies on monitoring their behavior and continuously adjusting their inputs. Incremental damage can make such control…

This paper proposes a safety-critical locomotion control framework employed for legged robots exploring through infeasible path in obstacle-rich environments. Our research focus is on achieving safe and robust locomotion where robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jaemin Lee , Min Dai , Jeeseop Kim , Aaron D. Ames

Swing arms have an irreplaceable role in promoting highly dynamic locomotion on bipedal robots by a larger angular momentum control space from the viewpoint of biomechanics. Few bipedal robots utilize swing arms and its redundancy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Weijie Wang , Song Liu , Qinfeng Shan , Lihao Jia

We present a novel reinforcement learning method to train the quadruped robot in a simulated environment. The idea of controlling quadruped robots in a dynamic environment is quite challenging and my method presents the optimum policy and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Nabeel Ahmad Khan Jadoon , Mongkol Ekpanyapong

Continuum robots, characterized by their high flexibility and infinite degrees of freedom (DoFs), have gained prominence in applications such as minimally invasive surgery and hazardous environment exploration. However, the intrinsic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Peiyu Luo , Shilong Yao , Yiyao Yue , Jiankun Wang , Hong Yan , Max Q. -H. Meng

Robotic systems are more present in our society everyday. In human-robot environments, it is crucial that end-users may correctly understand their robotic team-partners, in order to collaboratively complete a task. To increase action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Francisco Cruz , Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Ithan Moreira

Humanoid and legged robots interact with the environment through intermittent contacts, making accurate motion estimation fundamentally dependent on reasoning about contact dynamics. However, standard sensing pipelines-whether based on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jiarong Kang , Kunzhao Ren , Tao Pang , Xiaobin Xiong

Safety-critical control is essential for humanoid robots operating in complex human-centered environments, where physical safety constraints such as joint limits, self-collision avoidance, obstacle avoidance, and workspace boundaries must…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Kwanwoo Lee , Sanghyuk Park , Gyeongjae Park , Myeong-Ju Kim , Jaeheung Park