Related papers: A Lower Bound for Grothendieck's Constant

The irregularity strength of a graph $G$, $s(G)$, is the least $k$ such that there exists a $\{1,2,\ldots,k\}$-weighting of the edges of $G$ attributing distinct weighted degrees to all vertices, or equivalently the least $k$ enabling…

We study Nordhaus-Gaddum problems for Kemeny's constant $\mathcal{K}(G)$ of a connected graph $G$. We prove bounds on $\min\{\mathcal{K}(G),\mathcal{K}(\overline{G})\}$ and the product $\mathcal{K}(G)\mathcal{K}(\overline{G})$ for various…

We prove a general upper bound on the $k$-th adjacency eigenvalue of a graph. For $k\ge 2$, we show that \[ \lambda_k(G)\le \frac{(k-2)\sqrt{k+1}+2}{2k(k-1)}\,n-1 \] for every graph $G$ on $n$ vertices. We build on a recent approach that…

Let S_n:=a_1\vp_1+...+a_n\vp_n, where \vp_1,...,\vp_n are independent Rademacher random variables (r.v.'s) and a_1,...,a_n are any real numbers such that a_1^2+...+a_n^2=1. Let Z be a standard normal r.v. It is proved that the best constant…

We consider the generalized Korteweg-de Vries (gKdV) equation $\partial_t u+\partial_x^3u+\mu\partial_x(u^{k+1})=0$, where $k>4$ is an integer number and $\mu=\pm1$. We give an alternative proof of the Kenig, Ponce, and Vega result in…

The cage problem asks for the smallest number $c(k,g)$ of vertices in a $k$-regular graph of girth $g$ and graphs meeting this bound are known as cages. While cages are known to exist for all integers $k \ge 2$ and $g \ge 3$, the exact…

Let $G$ be a finite (not necessarily abelian) group and let $p=p(G)$ be the smallest prime number dividing $|G|$. We prove that $d(G)\leq \frac{|G|}{p}+9p^2-10p$, where $d(G)$ denotes the small Davenport constant of $G$ which is defined as…

This short note proves that every incomplete $k$-list-critical graph has average degree at least $k-1 + \frac{k-3}{k^2-2k+2}$. This improves the best known bound for $k = 4,5,6$. The same bound holds for online $k$-list-critical graphs.

We consider the classical Steenrod problem on realization of integral homology classes by continuous images of smooth oriented manifolds. Let $k(n)$ be the smallest positive integer such that any integral $n$-dimensional homology class…

Given a graph $G$ and an integer $k\geq 2$, let $\chi'_k(G)$ denote the minimum number of colours required to colour the edges of $G$ such that, in each colour class, the subgraph induced by the edges of that colour has all non-zero degrees…

Let $S$ be a compact hyperbolic surface of genus $g\geq 2$ and let $I(S) = \frac{1}{\mathrm{Vol}(S)}\int_{S} \frac{1}{\mathrm{Inj}(x)^2 \wedge 1} dx$, where $\mathrm{Inj}(x)$ is the injectivity radius at $x$. We prove that for any $k\in…

A graph $G$ is \textit{$k$-critical} if $\chi(G) = k$ and every proper subgraph of $G$ is $(k - 1)$-colorable, and if $L$ is a list-assignment for $G$, then $G$ is \textit{$L$-critical} if $G$ is not $L$-colorable but every proper induced…

Let X be a geometrically split, geometrically irreducible variety over a field F satisfying Rost nilpotence principle. Consider a field extension E/F and a finite field K. We provide in this note a motivic tool giving sufficient conditions…

It is established that for any finite set of positive real numbers $A$, we have $$|A/A+A| \gg \frac{|A|^{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{26}}}{\log^{1/2}|A|}.$$

Let a and q be coprime natural numbers. In 1944 Linnik proved that the least prime in an arithmetic progression a mod q is less then C times q to the L. Since then the admissible value for the constant L has been improved several times,…

Let $k \geq 3$. We prove the following three bounds for the matching number, $\alpha'(G)$, of a graph, $G$, of order $n$ size $m$ and maximum degree at most $k$. If $k$ is odd, then $\alpha'(G) \ge \left( \frac{k-1}{k(k^2 - 3)} \right) n \,…

The strong geodetic problem is a recent variation of the geodetic problem. For a graph $G$, its strong geodetic number ${\rm sg}(G)$ is the cardinality of a smallest vertex subset $S$, such that each vertex of $G$ lies on a fixed shortest…

The classical Crossing Lemma by Ajtai et al.~and Leighton from 1982 gave an important lower bound of $c \frac{m^3}{n^2}$ for the number of crossings in any drawing of a given graph of $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. The original value was $c=…

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n \geq 3$ with sequence degree given as $d_{1}(G) \geq ... \geq d_{n}(G)$ and let $\mu_1(G),..., \mu_n(G)$ and $q_1(G), ..., q_{n}(G)$ be the Laplacian and signless Laplacian eigenvalues of $G$ arranged in non…

Baader, J\"org, and Parlier recently established an upper bound for the crossing number of curve systems of size $m\asymp g^{1+\alpha}$ on a genus $g$ surface, obtaining a leading coefficient of $9/4=2.25$. Their construction relies on…