Related papers: Subsurface ocean salinity and dissipation rate inf…
The intense turbulence present in the solar convection zone is a major challenge to both theory and simulation as one tries to understand the origins of the striking differential rotation profile with radius and latitude that has been…
Low-frequency turbulence in the solar chromosphere remains poorly understood. We address 1) the sources of low-frequency turbulence that potentially heat the chromosphere, and 2) how turbulence is transported and dissipated throughout the…
Semidiurnal atmospheric thermal tides are important for terrestrial exoplanets in the habitable zone of their host stars. With solid tides, they torque these planets, thus contributing to determine their rotation states as well as their…
Fluids at supercritical pressures exhibit large variations in density near the pseudo critical line, such that buoyancy plays a crucial role in their fluid dynamics. Here, we experimentally investigate heat transfer and turbulence in…
Global climate evolution models for habitable earthlike planets do not consider the effect of ocean salinity on land ice formation through the hydrological cycle. We consider two categories of such planets: planets with deep oceans, but…
The steady and transient response of "dynamically" dry and moist atmospheres to uniform sea-surface temperature (SST) is studied. Specifically, the latent heat (Lv) of water vapor is varied, so that for small Lv, water substance is…
The transport of heat and solutes by vertically migrating aggregations of plankton has long been explored as a potentially important source of ocean mixing. However, direct evidence of enhanced mixing due to these migrations remains…
The Ocean's turbulent energy cycle has a paradox; large-scale eddies under the control of Earth's rotation primarily transfer kinetic energy (KE) to larger scales via an inverse cascade, while a transfer to smaller scales is needed to…
Changes that occur on our planet can be tracked back to one of two energy sources: the sun and the Earth's internal energy. The motion of tectonic plates, volcanism, mountain building and the reshaping of our planet's surface over geologic…
Heat transfer in liquids is a very challenging problem as it combines the competing effect of high frequency oscillations, which dominate liquid heat capacity, and diffusive motion, which enables transport macroscopic flow. This issue is…
Ocean dynamics are often sidelined in exoplanet climate studies due to the high computational cost of fully coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (GCMs). However, ocean heat transport (OHT) can play a critical role in shaping…
We present a large ensemble of simulations of an Earth-like world with increasing insolation and rotation rate. Unlike previous work utilizing idealized aquaplanet configurations we focus our simulations on modern Earth-like topography. The…
Meridional circulation regulates the Sun's interior dynamics and magnetism. While it is well accepted that meridional flows are poleward at the Sun's surface, helioseismic observations have yet to provide a definitive answer for the depth…
Infrared lightcurves of transiting hot Jupiters present a trend in which the atmospheres of the hottest planets are less efficient at redistributing the stellar energy absorbed on their daysides---and thus have a larger day-night…
Surface liquid water is essential for standard planetary habitability. Calculations of atmospheric circulation on tidally locked planets around M stars suggest that this peculiar orbital configuration lends itself to the trapping of large…
Heat transport in turbulent thermal convection increases with the thermal forcing, but in almost all studies the rate of this increase is slower than it would be if transport became independent of the molecular diffusivities -- the heat…
Using the coupled climate model CLIMBER-3a, we investigate changes in sea surface elevation due to a weakening of the thermohaline circulation (THC). In addition to a global sea level rise due to a warming of the deep sea, this leads to a…
High speeds have been measured at seep and mud-volcano sites expelling methane-rich fluids from the seabed. Thermal or solute-driven convection alone cannot explain such high velocities in low-permeability sediments. Here, we demonstrate…
\textit{In situ} observations of transbasin deep ocean transports at $26^\circ$N show variability on monthly to decadal timescales (2004--2015). Satellite-based estimates of ocean bottom pressure from the Gravity Recovery and Climate…
The solar atmosphere is composed of many species which are populated at different ionization and excitation levels. The upper chromosphere, transition region, and corona are nearly collisionless. Consequently, slippage between, for…