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Related papers: Allometric Scaling Laws for Bipedal Robots

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We present a comprehensive framework for studying and leveraging morphological symmetries in robotic systems. These are intrinsic properties of the robot's morphology, frequently observed in animal biology and robotics, which stem from the…

Geometric mechanics models of locomotion have provided insight into how robots and animals use environmental interactions to convert internal shape changes into displacement through the world, encoding this relationship in a ``motility…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ross L. Hatton , Yousef Salaman , Shai Revzen

Complex multibody legged robots can have complex rotational control challenges. In this paper, we propose a concise way to understand and formulate a \emph{whole-body orientation} that (i) depends on system configuration only and not a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yu-Ming Chen , Gabriel Nelson , Robert Griffin , Michael Posa , Jerry Pratt

Quantitative scaling relationships among body mass, temperature and metabolic rate of organisms are still controversial, while resolution may be further complicated through the use of different and possibly inappropriate approaches to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-10-18 Tancredi Caruso , Diego Garlaschelli , Roberto Bargagli , Peter Convey

The ability of bipedal robots to adapt to diverse and unstructured terrain conditions is crucial for their deployment in real-world environments. To this end, we present a novel, bio-inspired robot foot design with stabilizing tarsal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Ted Tyler , Vaibhav Malhotra , Adam Montague , Zhigen Zhao , Frank L. Hammond , Ye Zhao

Many aggregate distributions of urban activities such as city sizes reveal scaling but hardly any work exists on the properties of spatial distributions within individual cities, notwithstanding considerable knowledge about their fractal…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-09-29 Michael Batty , Rui Carvalho , Andy Hudson-Smith , Richard Milton , Duncan Smith , Philip Steadman

Purpose of Review: As new technological advancements are made, humanoid robots that utilise them are being designed and manufactured. For optimal design choices, a broad overview with insight on the advantages and disadvantages of available…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Grzegorz Ficht , Sven Behnke

Developmental changes in body morphology profoundly shape locomotion in animals, yet artificial agents and robots are typically trained under static physical parameters. Inspired by ontogenetic scaling of muscle power in biology, we propose…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Paul Templier , Hannah Janmohamed , David Labonte , Antoine Cully

It is often overlooked by roboticists when designing locomotion controllers for their legged machines, that energy consumption plays an important role in selecting the best gaits for locomotion at high speeds or over long distances. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Yasser G. Alqaham , Jing Cheng , Zhenyu Gan

Despite the rise of billion-parameter foundation models trained across thousands of GPUs, similar scaling gains have not been shown for humanoid control. Current neural controllers for humanoids remain modest in size, target a limited set…

Thanks to recent advancements in accelerating non-linear model predictive control (NMPC), it is now feasible to deploy whole-body NMPC at real-time rates for humanoid robots. However, enforcing inequality constraints in real time for such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Charles Khazoom , Seungwoo Hong , Matthew Chignoli , Elijah Stanger-Jones , Sangbae Kim

Legged locomotion is a highly promising but under-researched subfield within the field of soft robotics. The compliant limbs of soft-limbed robots offer numerous benefits, including the ability to regulate impacts, tolerate falls, and…

Reinforcement learning has recently enabled impressive locomotion capabilities on legged robots; however, most policy architectures remain morphology- and symmetry-agnostic, leading to inefficient training and limited generalization. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Sizhe Wei , Xulin Chen , Fengze Xie , Garrett Ethan Katz , Zhenyu Gan , Lu Gan

Claims that humanoid robots achieve ``human-level'' actuation are common but rarely quantified. Peak torque or speed specifications tell us little about whether a joint can deliver the right combination of torque, power, and endurance at…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 MD-Nazmus Sunbeam

In this work, we propose a learning approach for 3D dynamic bipedal walking when footsteps are constrained to stepping stones. While recent work has shown progress on this problem, real-world demonstrations have been limited to relatively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Helei Duan , Ashish Malik , Mohitvishnu S. Gadde , Jeremy Dao , Alan Fern , Jonathan Hurst

Wheeled-legged robots have the potential for highly agile and versatile locomotion. The combination of legs and wheels might be a solution for any real-world application requiring rapid, and long-distance mobility skills on challenging…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Marko Bjelonic , Prajish K. Sankar , C. Dario Bellicoso , Heike Vallery , Marco Hutter

In the fields of robotics and biomechanics, the integration of elastic elements such as springs and tendons in legged systems has long been recognized for enabling energy-efficient locomotion. Yet, a significant challenge persists:…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Iskandar Khemakhem , Dominik Tschemernjak , Maximilian Raff , C. David Remy

Hybrid locomotion of wheeled-legged robots has recently attracted increasing attention due to their advantages of combining the agility of legged locomotion and the efficiency of wheeled motion. But along with expanded performance, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jingyuan Sun , Hongyu Ji , Zihan Qu , Chaoran Wang , Mingyu Zhang

The ability to recover from an unexpected external perturbation is a fundamental motor skill in bipedal locomotion. An effective response includes the ability to not just recover balance and maintain stability but also to fall in a safe…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Visak Kumar

SLOT (Soft Legged Omnidirectional Tetrapod), a tendon-driven soft quadruped robot with 3D-printed TPU legs, is presented to study physics-informed modeling and control of compliant legged locomotion using only four actuators. Each leg is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Saumya Karan , Neerav Maram , Suraj Borate , Madhu Vadali