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Recently, autonomous agents built on large language models (LLMs) have experienced significant development and are being deployed in real-world applications. These agents can extend the base LLM's capabilities in multiple ways. For example,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Boyang Zhang , Yicong Tan , Yun Shen , Ahmed Salem , Michael Backes , Savvas Zannettou , Yang Zhang

Generative models are rapidly gaining popularity and being integrated into everyday applications, raising concerns over their safe use as various vulnerabilities are exposed. In light of this, the field of red teaming is undergoing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Lizhi Lin , Honglin Mu , Zenan Zhai , Minghan Wang , Yuxia Wang , Renxi Wang , Junjie Gao , Yixuan Zhang , Wanxiang Che , Timothy Baldwin , Xudong Han , Haonan Li

As large language model (LLM) agents increasingly automate complex web tasks, they boost productivity while simultaneously introducing new security risks. However, relevant studies on web agent attacks remain limited. Existing red-teaming…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Zheng Zhang , Jiarui He , Yuchen Cai , Deheng Ye , Peilin Zhao , Ruili Feng , Hao Wang

Red-teaming, or identifying prompts that elicit harmful responses, is a critical step in ensuring the safe and responsible deployment of large language models (LLMs). Developing effective protection against many modes of attack prompts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Seanie Lee , Minsu Kim , Lynn Cherif , David Dobre , Juho Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Kenji Kawaguchi , Gauthier Gidel , Yoshua Bengio , Nikolay Malkin , Moksh Jain

When building Large Language Models (LLMs), it is paramount to bear safety in mind and protect them with guardrails. Indeed, LLMs should never generate content promoting or normalizing harmful, illegal, or unethical behavior that may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Simone Tedeschi , Felix Friedrich , Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting , Roberto Navigli , Huu Nguyen , Bo Li

This paper analyzes Large Language Model (LLM) security vulnerabilities based on data from Crucible, encompassing 214,271 attack attempts by 1,674 users across 30 LLM challenges. Our findings reveal automated approaches significantly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Rob Mulla , Ads Dawson , Vincent Abruzzon , Brian Greunke , Nick Landers , Brad Palm , Will Pearce

Recent studies have discovered that large language models (LLM) may be ``fooled'' to output private information, including training data, system prompts, and personally identifiable information, under carefully crafted adversarial prompts.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yuzhou Nie , Zhun Wang , Ye Yu , Xian Wu , Xuandong Zhao , Wenbo Guo , Dawn Song

As generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), become increasingly integrated into production applications, new attack surfaces and vulnerabilities emerge and put a focus on adversarial threats in natural language and…

The strong planning and reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have fostered the development of agent-based systems capable of leveraging external tools and interacting with increasingly complex environments. However, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zhun Wang , Vincent Siu , Zhe Ye , Tianneng Shi , Yuzhou Nie , Xuandong Zhao , Chenguang Wang , Wenbo Guo , Dawn Song

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as an effective paradigm for complex and long-horizon tasks. However, in real-world tasks, MAS often exhibit various failures during execution and such failures are difficult to eliminate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhezheng Hao , Tianfu Wang , Huanshuo Dong , Ziyan Liu , Hong Wang , Xiankun Lin , Qiang Lin , Can Wang , Hande Dong , Jiawei Chen

Effective multi-agent systems cannot be designed by selecting prompts or communication graphs in isolation. Agent behavior depends on the information an agent receives, while the usefulness of a communication edge depends on how the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yi Ding , Zijie Xuan , Haowei Zhou , Zhenyu Ju , Xiaoxiao Dong , Jingwen Zhang , Xingyu Zhu , Leixin Sun , Haochi Zhang

Agentic language-model systems increasingly rely on mutable execution contexts, including files, memory, tools, skills, and auxiliary artifacts, creating security risks beyond explicit user prompts. This paper presents DeepTrap, an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hongwei Yao , Yiming Liu , Yiling He , Bingrun Yang

Large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass safety alignment and elicit harmful responses. A growing body of work shows that contextual priming, where earlier turns covertly bias later replies,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Mario Rodríguez Béjar , Francisco J. Cortés-Delgado , S. Braghin , Jose L. Hernández-Ramos

This paper presents the vision, scientific contributions, and technical details of RedTWIZ: an adaptive and diverse multi-turn red teaming framework, to audit the robustness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in AI-assisted software…

Agentic systems based on large language models (LLMs) operate not merely as text generators but as autonomous entities that dynamically retrieve information and invoke tools. This execution model shifts the attack surface from traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiaochong Jiang , Shiqi Yang , Wenting Yang , Yichen Liu , Cheng Ji

As large language models grow in capability and agency, identifying vulnerabilities through red-teaming becomes vital for safe deployment. However, traditional prompt-engineering approaches may prove ineffective once red-teaming turns into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Alexander Panfilov , Paul Kassianik , Maksym Andriushchenko , Jonas Geiping

Large Language Models (LLMs) agents are increasingly pivotal for addressing complex tasks in interactive environments. Existing work mainly focuses on enhancing performance through behavior cloning from stronger experts, yet such approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Siyu Yuan , Zehui Chen , Zhiheng Xi , Junjie Ye , Zhengyin Du , Jiecao Chen

Red-teaming has been a widely adopted way to evaluate the harmfulness of Large Language Models (LLMs). It aims to jailbreak a model's safety behavior to make it act as a helpful agent disregarding the harmfulness of the query. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Soujanya Poria

The proliferation of autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized popular business applications dealing with tabular data, i.e., tabular agents. Although LLMs are observed to be vulnerable against prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yang Feng , Xudong Pan

The rapid adoption of Large Language Model (LLM) agents and multi-agent systems enables remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and generation. However, these systems introduce security vulnerabilities that extend beyond…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Matteo Lupinacci , Francesco Aurelio Pironti , Francesco Blefari , Francesco Romeo , Luigi Arena , Angelo Furfaro