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To obtain high-resolution images of subsurface structures from seismic data, seismic imaging techniques such as Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) serve as crucial tools. However, FWI involves solving a nonlinear and often non-unique inverse…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-06-10 Yuke Xie , Hervé Chauris , Nicolas Desassis

Climate change is intensifying rainfall extremes, making high-resolution precipitation projections crucial for society to better prepare for impacts such as flooding. However, current Global Climate Models (GCMs) operate at spatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Ran Lyu , Linhan Wang , Yanshen Sun , Hedanqiu Bai , Chang-Tien Lu

Conditional diffusion probabilistic models can model the distribution of natural images and can generate diverse and realistic samples based on given conditions. However, oftentimes their results can be unrealistic with observable color…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Kangfu Mei , Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Vishal M. Patel

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools with applications in computer vision and scientific machine learning (SciML), where they have been used to solve large-scale probabilistic inverse problems. Traditionally, these…

Accurately characterizing migration velocity models is crucial for a wide range of geophysical applications, from hydrocarbon exploration to monitoring of CO2 sequestration projects. Traditional velocity model building methods such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Rafael Orozco , Huseyin Tuna Erdinc , Yunlin Zeng , Mathias Louboutin , Felix J. Herrmann

Seismic data processing involves techniques to deal with undesired effects that occur during acquisition and pre-processing. These effects mainly comprise coherent artefacts such as multiples, non-coherent signals such as electrical noise,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-14 Ricard Durall , Ammar Ghanim , Mario Fernandez , Norman Ettrich , Janis Keuper

A comprehensive study on the applications of denoising diffusion models for wireless systems is provided. The article highlights the capabilities of diffusion models in learning complicated signal distributions, modeling wireless channels,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Mehdi Letafati , Samad Ali , Matti Latva-aho

We present a conditional diffusion model for electromagnetic inverse design that generates structured media geometries directly from target differential scattering cross-section profiles, bypassing expensive iterative optimization. Our 1D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Mikhail Tsukerman , Konstantin Grotov , Pavel Ginzburg

In medical imaging, the diffusion models have shown great potential for synthetic image generation tasks. However, these approaches often lack the interpretable connections between the generated and real images and can create anatomically…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-12 Jian-Qing Zheng , Yuanhan Mo , Yang Sun , Jiahua Li , Fuping Wu , Ziyang Wang , Tonia Vincent , Bartłomiej W. Papież

We describe a new method, full waveform inversion by model extension (FWIME) that recovers accurate acoustic subsurface velocity models from seismic data, when conventional methods fail. We leverage the advantageous convergence properties…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-05-31 Guillaume Barnier , Ettore Biondi , Robert G. Clapp , Biondo Biondi

We present a novel generative modeling framework,Wavelet-Fourier-Diffusion, which adapts the diffusion paradigm to hybrid frequency representations in order to synthesize high-quality, high-fidelity images with improved spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Andrew Kiruluta , Andreas Lemos

Inferring seabed topography from wave height observations is fundamental to tsunami hazard assessment, coastal planning, and large scale ocean circulation modeling. Classical inversion models typically rely on direct sensing or optimization…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Aoming Liang , Qi Liu , Weicheng Cui

Accurate Speed-of-Sound (SoS) reconstruction from acoustic waveforms is a cornerstone of ultrasound computed tomography (USCT), enabling quantitative velocity mapping that reveals subtle anatomical details and pathological variations often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yujia Wu , Shuoqi Chen , Shiru Wang , Yucheng Tang , Petr Bruza , Geoffrey P. Luke

Remote sensing image change description represents an innovative multimodal task within the realm of remote sensing processing.This task not only facilitates the detection of alterations in surface conditions, but also provides…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Dongwei Sun , Jing Yao , Wu Xue , Changsheng Zhou , Pedram Ghamisi , Xiangyong Cao

In this study, we introduce a novel approach to synthesizing subsurface velocity models using diffusion generative models. Conventional methods rely on extensive, high-quality datasets, which are often inaccessible in subsurface…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-06-11 Huseyin Tuna Erdinc , Rafael Orozco , Felix J. Herrmann

Deformable image registration aims to precisely align medical images from different modalities or times. Traditional deep learning methods, while effective, often lack interpretability, real-time observability and adjustment capacity during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yongtai Zhuo , Yiqing Shen

Geophysical models usually contain both sharp interfaces and smooth variations, and it is difficult to accurately account for both of these two types of medium parameter variations using conventional full-waveform inversion methods. In…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-05-22 Kai Gao , Lianjie Huang

Diffusion inversion is a task of recovering the noise of an image in a diffusion model, which is vital for controllable diffusion image editing. At present, diffusion inversion still remains a challenging task due to the lack of viable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Ziyue Zhang , Luxi Lin , Xiaolin Hu , Chao Chang , HuaiXi Wang , Yiyi Zhou , Rongrong Ji

Diffusion models have become increasingly popular for generative modeling due to their ability to generate high-quality samples. This has unlocked exciting new possibilities for solving inverse problems, especially in image restoration and…

Noise is one of the primary sources of interference in seismic exploration. Many authors have proposed various methods to remove noise from seismic data; however, in the face of strong noise conditions, satisfactory results are often not…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-04-04 Junheng Peng , Yong Li , Yingtian Liu , Zhangquan Liao