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A classical model of a stable particle of finite size is studied. The model parameters can be chosen such that the described particle has the mass and radius of a proton. Using the energy-momentum tensor (EMT), we show how the presence of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-05 Mira Varma , Peter Schweitzer

The energy-momentum tensor (EMT) form factor $D(t)$ is finite and negative in hadronic models and lattice QCD when only strong forces are included. However, when electromagnetic forces are considered, the $D(t)$ of charged hadrons undergoes…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-17 Andrea Mejia , Peter Schweitzer

The energy-momentum tensor (EMT) form factors pave new ways for exploring hadron structure. Especially the D-term related to the EMT form factor D(t) has received a lot of attention due to its attractive physical interpretation in terms of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-02-19 Matt J. Neubelt , Andrew Sampino , Jonathan Hudson , Kemal Tezgin , Peter Schweitzer

In this article we build a metric for a classical general relativistic electron model with QED corrections. We calculate the stress-energy tensor for the radiative corrections to the Coulomb potential in both the near-field and far-field…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-06-10 Ron Lenk

We clarify the relation between canonical and metric energy-momentum tensors. In particular, we show that a natural definition arises from Noether's Theorem which directly leads to a symmetric and gauge invariant tensor for electromagnetic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Ricardo E. Gamboa Saraví

We give an introduction to, and review of, the energy-momentum tensors in classical gauge field theories in Minkowski space, and to some extent also in curved space-time. For the canonical energy-momentum tensor of non-Abelian gauge fields…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-21 Daniel N. Blaschke , Francois Gieres , Meril Reboud , Manfred Schweda

We give a new representation as tempered distribution for the energy-momentum tensor of a system of charged point-particles, which is free from divergent self-interactions, manifestly Lorentz-invariant and symmetric, and conserved. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Lechner , P. A. Marchetti

Let X be a smooth manifold of dimension 1+n endowed with a lorentzian metric g, and let T be the electromagnetic energy tensor associated to a 2-form F. In this paper we characterize this tensor T as the only 2-covariant natural tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-23 J. Navarro , J. B. Sancho

Everything gravitates and they do so through the energy-momentum tensor (EMT). However, there is no consensus on how to define the EMT of a hadron, e.g. the proton, the fundamental building blocks of the visible world. In this work, we show…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-14 Yang Li , Qun Wang , James P. Vary

We reexamine the energy-momentum tensor in classical electrodynamics from the perspective of spacetime-dependent translations, i.e., diffeomorphism invariance in flat spacetime. When energy-momentum is identified through local translations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-26 Taeseung Choi

A formulation of classical electrodynamics on an energy-momentum background of constant, non-zero curvature is given. The procedure consists of taking the formulation of standard electrodynamics in the energy-momentum representation, and…

General Physics · Physics 2020-01-01 Boris Ivetić

The hadronic form factors of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) have attracted considerable interest in recent literature. This concerns especially the D-term form factor D(t) with its appealing interpretation in terms of internal forces.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-05 Mira Varma , Peter Schweitzer

This work deals with form factors of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of spin-0 particles and the unknown particle property D-term related to the EMT, and is divided into three parts. The first part explores free, weakly and strongly…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-12-15 Jonathan Hudson , Peter Schweitzer

The Abraham--Minkowski momentum controversy is the outwardly visible symptom of an inconsistency in the use of the energy-momentum tensor in the case of a plane quasimonochromatic field in a simple linear dielectric. We show that the Gordon…

Classical Physics · Physics 2012-11-09 Michael E. Crenshaw

It is conceivable that the construction of the energy--momentum tensor (EMT) in lattice field theory enlarges our ability in lattice field theory and also deepens our understanding on EMT at the non-pertubative level. In this talk, I will…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2017-02-15 Hiroshi Suzuki

The energy-momentum tensor (EMT) is the conserved current corresponding to space-time translation symmetry. Its applications are remarkably diverse, ranging from the thermodynamics to the calculation of transport coefficients. While the EMT…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-04-03 Pavan , Olaf Kaczmarek , Guy D. Moore , Christian Schmidt

We provide a field-theoretic algorithm of obtaining energy momentum tensor (EMT) for gravitationally coupled theories. The method is based on an auxiliary field theory and equally applicable to both minimal and non-minimal coupling. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-08 Pradip Mukherjee , Anirban Saha , Amit Singha Roy

The energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of the proton encodes fundamental information about its mass, pressure, and shear distributions. Using recent lattice QCD data for the gravitational form factors, we show that the Breit-frame Wigner EMT may…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-07 Adrian Dumitru , Jorge Noronha

We consider the Einstein equation, where the common electromagnetic energy momentum tensor is replaced by its generalized equivalent as suggested in our earlier paper (A.L. Kholmetskii et al. Phys. Scr. 83, 055406 (2011)). Now we show that…

Classical Physics · Physics 2011-11-11 A. L. Kholmetskii , O. V. Missevitch , T. Yarman

The total momentum of a thermodynamically closed system is unique, as is the total energy. Nevertheless, there is continuing confusion concerning the correct form of the momentum and the energy-momentum tensor for an electromagnetic field…

Optics · Physics 2015-02-12 Michael E. Crenshaw , Thomas B. Bahder
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