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A high-resolution background-oriented schlieren (BOS) technique, which utilizes a high-resolution camera and a microdot background pattern, is proposed and used to measure the pressure field of an underwater shock wave in a microtube. The…

The background-oriented schlieren (BOS) technique with the physics-based optical flow method (OF-BOS) is developed for measuring the pressure field of a laser-induced underwater shock wave. Compared to BOS with the conventional…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-12-21 Keisuke Hayasaka , Yoshiyuki Tagawa , Tianshu Liu , Masaharu Kameda

We build an ultra-high-speed imaging system based on the background-oriented schlieren (BOS) technique in order to capture a laser-induced underwater shock wave. This BOS technique is able to provide two-dimensional density-gradient field…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-03-20 Shota Yamamoto , Yoshiyuki Tagawa , Masaharu Kameda

This study aims to overcome the problems that existing background-oriented schlieren (BOS) techniques based on computed tomography (CT-BOS) face when measuring pressure fields of laser-induced underwater shock waves. To do this, it proposes…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-11-30 Sayaka Ichihara , Takaaki Shimazaki , Yoshiyuki Tagawa

The objective of the present study is to develop a basic understanding of the interaction of shock waves with density inhomogeneities. We consider here the particular instance of a planar air shock impinging on a spherical water-droplet and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-09-29 Luc Biasiori-Poulanges , Hazem El-Rabii

Quantitative measurements of fluid flow properties can be achieved by background oriented schlieren. In this paper it is shown that this depends on several factors. Image quality index is used to investigate the influence of the image…

Optics · Physics 2013-03-06 Ardian B. Gojani , Shigeru Obayashi

In this work, the spatiotemporal pressure field of MHz-focused ultrasound is measured using a background-oriented schlieren technique combined with fast checkerboard demodulation and vector tomography (VT-BOS). Hydrophones have been…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-01 Sayaka Ichihara , Masato Yamagishi , Yuta Kurashina , Masanori Ota , Yoshiyuki Tagawa

Non-intrusive quantitative fluid density measurements methods are essential in stratified flow experiments. Digital imaging leads to synthetic Schlieren methods in which the variations of the index of refraction are reconstructed…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-11-11 Lilly Verso , Alex Liberzon

Background-oriented schlieren (BOS) is a powerful technique for flow visualization. Nevertheless, the widespread dissemination of BOS is impeded by its dependence on scientific cameras, computing hardware, and dedicated analysis software.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Diganta Rabha , Vimod Kumar , Akshay Kumar , Dinesh Saini , Manish Kumar

Background oriented schlieren (BOS) visualization technique is examined by means of optical geometry. Two most important results are the calculation of the sensitivity and spatial resolution of a BOS system, which allows for the…

Optics · Physics 2013-10-03 Ardian B. Gojani , Burim Kamishi , Shigeru Obayashi

We report a novel "cone-ray" model of background-oriented schlieren (BOS) imaging that accounts for depth-of-field effects. Reconstructions of the density field performed with this model are far more robust to the blur associated with a…

Diffractive optical element based background oriented schlieren (BOS) is a popular technique for quantitative flow visualization. This technique relies on encoding spatial density variations of the test medium in the form of an optical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-01 Viren S. Ram , Tullio de Rubeis , Dario Ambrosini , Rajshekhar Gannavarpu

The interaction between planar shock waves and droplets, involved the evolution of high transient unsteady wave structures and the induced cavitation process, occurs widely in nature and industry. In this paper, a combination of theoretical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-03-21 Sheng Xu , Wenqi Fan , Wangxia Wu , Wei Wang , Bing Wang

We develop a framework for non-invasive volumetric indoor airflow estimation from a single viewpoint using background-oriented schlieren (BOS) measurements and physics-informed reconstruction. Our framework utilizes a light projector that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-19 Arjun Teh , Wael H. Ali , Joshua Rapp , Hassan Mansour

The background-oriented Schlieren technique has emerged as a promising method for visualizing density gradients and performing quantitative measurements. However, an inherent constraint of BOS is the compromise between spatial resolution…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-08 Xiang Li , Muen Gao , Weiran Wang , Jiawei Li , Chong Pan , Jinjun Wang , Yuan Xiong

We propose a dot-tracking methodology for processing Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) images. The method significantly improves the accuracy, precision and spatial resolution compared to conventional cross-correlation algorithms. Our…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-10-23 Lalit K. Rajendran , Sally P. M. Bane , Pavlos P. Vlachos

Seedless velocimetry is gaining interest in many industrial and research applications. We report on a comparative study of time-resolved optical velocimetry using traditional, mirror-type knife-edge schlieren optics versus…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-24 Gary S. Settles , Alex Liberzon

In order to measure the large density-gradient fields of fluids such as underwater shock waves, we employed a fast Fourier demodulation called Fast Checkerboard Demodulation (FCD) method in Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) technique. BOS…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-02-17 Takaaki Shimazaki , Sayaka Ichihara , Yoshiyuki Tagawa

The interaction of a shock wave with a bubble features in many engineering and emerging technological applications, and has been used widely to test new numerical methods for compressible interfacial flows. Recently, density-based…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-07-04 Fabian Denner , Berend van Wachem

The accompanying fluid dynamics videos visualize the temporal evolution of shock structures and sound waves in and around an under-expanded jet that is impinging on a rigid surface at varying pressure ratios. The recordings were obtained at…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-18 Christian Willert , Daniel Mitchell , Julio Soria
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