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With the increasing number of detected exoplanet samples, the statistical properties of planetary systems have become much clearer. In this review, we summarize the major statistics that have been revealed mainly by radial velocity and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 J. -L. Zhou , J. -W. Xie , H. -G. Liu , H. Zhang , Y. -S. Sun

With more than 260 extrasolar planetary systems discovered to-date, the search for habitable planets has found new grounds. Unlike our solar system, the stars of many of these planets are hosts to eccentric or close-in giant bodies. Several…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Nader Haghighipour

The California-Kepler Survey (CKS) catalog contains precise stellar and planetary properties for the \Kepler\ planet candidates, including systems with multiple detected transiting planets ("multis") and systems with just one detected…

We demonstrate that microlensing can be used for detecting planets in binary stellar systems. This is possible because in the geometry of planetary binary systems where the planet orbits one of the binary component and the other binary star…

The new discoveries of circumbinary planetary systems shed light on the understanding of planetary system formation. Learning the architectural properties of these systems is essential for constraining the different formation mechanisms. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-09 Gongjie Li , Matthew J. Holman , Molei Tao

The effect of the stellar flux on exoplanetary systems is becoming an increasingly important property as more planets are discovered in the Habitable Zone (HZ). The Kepler mission has recently uncovered circumbinary planets with relatively…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Stephen R. Kane , Natalie R. Hinkel

Exoplanets observed by the {\it Kepler} telescope exhibit a bi-modal, radius distribution, which is known as the radius gap. We explore an origin of the radius gap, focusing on multi-planet systems. Our simple theoretical argument predicts…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-14 Udit Arora , Yasuhiro Hasegawa

Changes in planetary obliquity, or axial tilt, influence the climates on Earth-like planets. In the solar system, the Earth's obliquity is stabilized due to interactions with our moon and the resulting {small amplitude variations…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-04 Billy Quarles , Gongjie Li , Jack J. Lissauer

Straight-forward derivation of planetary parameters can only be achieved in transiting planetary systems. However, planetary attributes such as radius and mass strongly depend on stellar host parameters. Discovering a transit host star to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Daemgen , F. Hormuth , W. Brandner , C. Bergfors , M. Janson , S. Hippler , Th. Henning

A survey of currently known extrasolar planets indicates that close to 20% of their hosting stars are members of binary systems. While the majority of these binaries are wide (i.e., with separations between 250 and 6500 AU), the detection…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-08-09 Nader Haghighipour

Binary stars are common in star clusters and galaxies, but the detailed effects of binary evolution are not taken into account in some colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) studies. This paper studies the CMDs of twelve globular clusters via…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Zhongmu Li , Caiyan Mao , Ruheng Li , Ruxi Li , Maocai Li

The {\it Kepler} mission has detected thousands of planetary systems with 1-7 transiting planets packed within 0.7~au from their host stars. There is an apparent excess of single-transit planet systems that cannot be explained by transit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Dong Lai , Bonan Pu

Exoplanets are typically thought to form in protoplanetary disks left over from protostellar disk of their newly formed host star. However, additional planetary formation and evolution routes may exist in old evolved binary systems. Here we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Hagai B. Perets

Recent studies claimed that planets around the same star have similar sizes and masses and regular spacings, and that planet pairs usually show ordered sizes such that the outer planet is usually the larger one. Here I show that these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-15 Wei Zhu

Although the architectures of compact multiple-planet systems are well-characterized, there has been little examination of their "outer edges", or the locations of their outermost planets. Here we present evidence that the observed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Sarah C. Millholland , Matthias Y. He , Jon K. Zink

Many of the multi-planet systems discovered to date have been notable for their compactness, with neighbouring planets closer together than any in the Solar System. Interestingly, planet-hosting stars have a wide range of ages, suggesting…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-04 Alysa Obertas , Christa Van Laerhoven , Daniel Tamayo

The environment of a binary star system may contain two circumstellar disks, one orbiting each of the stars, and a circumbinary disk orbiting about the entire binary. The disk structure and evolution are modified by the presence of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-16 Stephen H. Lubow , Pawel Artymowicz

Binary and multiple systems constitute more than half of the total stellar population in the Solar neighborhood (Kiseleva-Eggleton and Eggleton 2001). Their frequent occurrence as well as the fact that more than 70 (Schneider et al. 2011)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Siegfried Eggl , Elke Pilat-Lohinger , Barbara Funk , Nikolaos Georgakarakos , Nader Haghighipour