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Related papers: Climate Prompting: Generating the Madden-Julian Os…

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Machine learning (ML) offers a computationally efficient approach for generating large ensembles of high-resolution climate projections, but deterministic ML methods often smooth fine-scale structures and underestimate extremes. While…

Generating temporally coherent high fidelity video is an important milestone in generative modeling research. We make progress towards this milestone by proposing a diffusion model for video generation that shows very promising initial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Jonathan Ho , Tim Salimans , Alexey Gritsenko , William Chan , Mohammad Norouzi , David J. Fleet

The Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is a tropical weather system having important influence in the tropics and beyond; however, many of its characteristics are poorly understood, including their initiation and completion. Here we define…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Álvaro Corral , Mónica Minjares , Marcelo Barreiro

A new model is derived and analyzed for tropical-extratropical interactions involving the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO). The model combines (i) the tropical dynamics of the MJO and equatorial baroclinic waves and (ii) the dynamics of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-10-29 Shengqian Chen , Andrew J. Majda , Samuel N. Stechmann

This study examines the evolution of extreme Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) events and their impacts on South America during the austral summer. Furthermore, the study explores how the different ENSO phases modulate extreme MJO events, and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Mónica Minjares , Álvaro Corral , Marcelo Barreiro

Local climate information is crucial for impact assessment and decision-making, yet coarse global climate simulations cannot capture small-scale phenomena. Current statistical downscaling methods infer these phenomena as temporally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jonathan Schmidt , Luca Schmidt , Felix Strnad , Nicole Ludwig , Philipp Hennig

Realistic temporal dynamics are crucial for many video generation, processing and modelling applications, e.g. in computational fluid dynamics, weather prediction, or long-term climate simulations. Video diffusion models (VDMs) are the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Philipp Hess , Maximilian Gelbrecht , Christof Schötz , Michael Aich , Yu Huang , Shangshang Yang , Niklas Boers

Climate downscaling is a crucial technique within climate research, serving to project low-resolution (LR) climate data to higher resolutions (HR). Previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of deep learning for downscaling tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Naufal Shidqi , Chaeyoon Jeong , Sungwon Park , Elke Zeller , Arjun Babu Nellikkattil , Karandeep Singh

Owing to the remarkable development of deep learning technology, there have been a series of efforts to build deep learning-based climate models. Whereas most of them utilize recurrent neural networks and/or graph neural networks, we design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Jeehyun Hwang , Jeongwhan Choi , Hwangyong Choi , Kookjin Lee , Dongeun Lee , Noseong Park

We propose a new class of generative models that naturally handle data of varying dimensionality by jointly modeling the state and dimension of each datapoint. The generative process is formulated as a jump diffusion process that makes…

We describe and illustrate a mechanism whereby convective aggregation and eastward propagating equatorial disturbances, similar in some respects to the Madden--Julian oscillation, arise. We construct a simple, explicit system consisting…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Geoffrey K Vallis , James Penn

Deep generative models such as diffusion and flow matching are powerful machine learning tools capable of learning and sampling from high-dimensional distributions. They are particularly useful when the training data appears to be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-30 Zachary Bogorad , Ibrahim Elsharkawy , Yonatan Kahn , Andrew J. Larkoski , Noam Levi

The astonishing growth of generative tools in recent years has empowered many exciting applications in text-to-image generation and text-to-video generation. The underlying principle behind these generative tools is the concept of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Stanley H. Chan

This study aims to construct an audio-video generative model with minimal computational cost by leveraging pre-trained single-modal generative models for audio and video. To achieve this, we propose a novel method that guides single-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Akio Hayakawa , Masato Ishii , Takashi Shibuya , Yuki Mitsufuji

Scaling video generation from seconds to minutes faces a critical bottleneck: while short-video data is abundant and high-fidelity, coherent long-form data is scarce and limited to narrow domains. To address this, we propose a training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Shengqu Cai , Weili Nie , Chao Liu , Julius Berner , Lvmin Zhang , Nanye Ma , Hansheng Chen , Maneesh Agrawala , Leonidas Guibas , Gordon Wetzstein , Arash Vahdat

Multimodal generative models have shown remarkable progress in single-modality video and audio synthesis, yet truly joint audio-video generation remains an open challenge. In this paper, I explore four key contributions to advance this…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Alejandro Paredes La Torre

Climate change is causing the intensification of rainfall extremes. Precipitation projections with high spatial resolution are important for society to prepare for these changes, e.g. to model flooding impacts. Physics-based simulations for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Henry Addison , Elizabeth Kendon , Suman Ravuri , Laurence Aitchison , Peter AG Watson

Deep generative models produce data according to a learned representation, e.g. diffusion models, through a process of approximation computing possible samples. Approximation can be understood as reconstruction and the large datasets used…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Luís Arandas , Mick Grierson , Miguel Carvalhais

Earth System Models (ESMs) are essential tools for understanding the impact of human actions on Earth's climate. One key application of these models is studying extreme weather events, such as heat waves or dry spells, which have…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-04-25 Seth Bassetti , Brian Hutchinson , Claudia Tebaldi , Ben Kravitz

Generative diffusions are a powerful class of Monte Carlo samplers that leverage bridging Markov processes to approximate complex, high-dimensional distributions, such as those found in image processing and language models. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-20 Zheng Zhao , Ziwei Luo , Jens Sjölund , Thomas B. Schön