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Bipartite graphs are a prevalent modeling tool for real-world networks, capturing interactions between vertices of two different types. Within this framework, bicliques emerge as crucial structures when studying dense subgraphs: they are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Alexis Baudin , Clémence Magnien , Lionel Tabourier

Two disjoint sets of entities and their relationship can be modelled as a bipartite graph. Real-life examples include drug-target interaction in biological networks, user-item relationships in e-commerce networks, etc. Motif-based analysis…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Mekala Kiran , Apurba Das , Suman Banerjee , Tathagata Ray

This paper presents a multilevel tensor compression algorithm called tensor butterfly algorithm for efficiently representing large-scale and high-dimensional oscillatory integral operators, including Green's functions for wave equations and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-27 P. Michael Kielstra , Tianyi Shi , Hengrui Luo , Jianliang Qian , Yang Liu

Breadth-First Search (BFS) is a building block used in a wide array of graph analytics and is used in various network analysis domains: social, road, transportation, communication, and much more. Over the last two decades, network sizes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Oded Green

Finding dense bipartite subgraphs and detecting the relations among them is an important problem for affiliation networks that arise in a range of domains, such as social network analysis, word-document clustering, the science of science,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-11-29 A. Erdem Sariyuce , Ali Pinar

Biclustering, also called co-clustering, block clustering, or two-way clustering, involves the simultaneous clustering of both the rows and columns of a data matrix into distinct groups, such that the rows and columns within a group display…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-06 Antonio M. Sudoso

Online bipartite matching is a fundamental problem in online algorithms. The goal is to match two sets of vertices to maximize the sum of the edge weights, where for one set of vertices, each vertex and its corresponding edge weights appear…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Hang Hu , Zhao Song , Runzhou Tao , Zhaozhuo Xu , Junze Yin , Danyang Zhuo

Counting $(p,q)$-bicliques in bipartite graphs is crucial for a variety of applications, from recommendation systems to cohesive subgraph analysis. Yet, it remains computationally challenging due to the combinatorial explosion to exactly…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jingbang Chen , Weinuo Li , Yingli Zhou , Hangrui Zhou , Qiuyang Mang , Can Wang , Yixiang Fang , Chenhao Ma

We consider the task of detecting a hidden bipartite subgraph in a given random graph. This is formulated as a hypothesis testing problem, under the null hypothesis, the graph is a realization of an Erd\H{o}s-R\'{e}nyi random graph over $n$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Asaf Rotenberg , Wasim Huleihel , Ofer Shayevitz

The streaming bipartite graph is widely used to model the dynamic relationship between two types of entities in various real-world applications, including movie recommendations, location-based services, and online shopping. Since it…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Nan Zhang , Yutong Ye , Xiang Lian , Qi Wen , Mingsong Chen

Community Search (CS) aims to identify densely interconnected subgraphs corresponding to query vertices within a graph. However, existing heterogeneous graph-based community search methods need help identifying cross-group communities and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-22 JiaYi Du , Yinghao Wu , Wei Ai , Tao Meng , CanHao Xie , KeQin Li

The Horton-Strahler (HS) number, a classical measure of branching complexity arising in hydrology and register allocation, is studied for butterfly trees, a recursive family of binary trees generated by block-merging operations. These trees…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-21 John Peca-Medlin

We consider the problem of estimating the number of triangles in a graph. This problem has been extensively studied in both theory and practice, but all existing algorithms read the entire graph. In this work we design a {\em…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Talya Eden , Amit Levi , Dana Ron , C. Seshadhri

We introduce a framework for proving lower bounds on computational problems over distributions against algorithms that can be implemented using access to a statistical query oracle. For such algorithms, access to the input distribution is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Vitaly Feldman , Elena Grigorescu , Lev Reyzin , Santosh Vempala , Ying Xiao

We give a randomized algorithm that approximates the number of independent sets in a dense, regular bipartite graph -- in the language of approximate counting, we give an FPRAS for #BIS on the class of dense, regular bipartite graphs.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Charlie Carlson , Ewan Davies , Alexandra Kolla , Aditya Potukuchi

The butterfly algorithm is a fast algorithm which approximately evaluates a discrete analogue of the integral transform \int K(x,y) g(y) dy at large numbers of target points when the kernel, K(x,y), is approximately low-rank when restricted…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Jack Poulson , Laurent Demanet , Nicholas Maxwell , Lexing Ying

The number of triangles is a computationally expensive graph statistic which is frequently used in complex network analysis (e.g., transitivity ratio), in various random graph models (e.g., exponential random graph model) and in important…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-20 Mihail N. Kolountzakis , Gary L. Miller , Richard Peng , Charalampos E. Tsourakakis

We consider the fundamental problems of approximately counting the numbers of edges and triangles in a graph in sublinear time. Previous algorithms for these tasks are significantly more efficient under a promise that the arboricity of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Talya Eden , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Arsen Vasilyan

Detecting butterfly hybrids requires knowledge of the parent subspecies, and the process can be tedious when encountering a new subspecies. This study focuses on a specific scenario where a model trained to recognize hybrid species A can…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Bo-Kai Ruan , Yi-Zeng Fang , Hong-Han Shuai , Juinn-Dar Huang

Counting and finding triangles in graphs is often used in real-world analytics to characterize cohesiveness and identify communities in graphs. In this paper, we propose the novel concept of a cover-edge set that can be used to find…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-19 David A. Bader , Fuhuan Li , Anya Ganeshan , Ahmet Gundogdu , Jason Lew , Oliver Alvarado Rodriguez , Zhihui Du