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Bosonic encoding of quantum information into harmonic oscillators is a hardware efficient approach to battle noise. In this regard, oscillator-to-oscillator codes not only provide an additional opportunity in bosonic encoding, but also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Jing Wu , Anthony J. Brady , Quntao Zhuang

The integration of diverse quantum resources and the exploitation of more degrees of freedom provide key operational flexibility for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. In this work, we propose a flexible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Peilin Du , Jing Zhang , Tiancai Zhang , Rongguo Yang , Kui Liu , Jiangrui Gao

Fiber-based classical communication is all-optical and uses light pulses reamplified and reshaped every 50-100 km in classical repeaters. Most compatible with this would be a quantum communication system which is also all-optical with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Stefan Häussler , Peter van Loock

Optical quantum memory is an essential element for long distance quantum communication and photonic quantum computation protocols. The practical implementation of such protocols requires an efficient quantum memory with long coherence time.…

Bosonic quantum error-correcting codes encode logical information in a harmonic oscillator, with the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) and number-phase (NP) codes representing two fundamentally different encoding paradigms. Although both have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Kai-Xuan Wen , Dong-Long Hu , Shengyong Li , Ze-Liang Xiang

The early Gottesman, Kitaev, and Preskill (GKP) proposal for encoding a qubit in an oscillator has recently been followed by cat- and binomial-code proposals. Numerically optimized codes have also been proposed, and we introduce new codes…

Quantum information theory predicts that communication technology can be enhanced by using quantum signals to transfer classical bits. In order to fulfill this promise, the message-carrying signals must interact coherently at the decoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-22 Matteo Rosati , Albert Solana

Continuous variable measurement-based quantum computation on cluster states has in recent years shown great potential for scalable, universal, and fault-tolerant quantum computation when combined with the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP)…

We realize a hardware-native time--frequency Gottesman--Kitaev--Preskill (GKP) logical qubit encoded in the continuous phase space of single photons, establishing a propagating photonic implementation of bosonic grid encoding. Finite-energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Tai Hyun Yoon

Quantum error correction is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) codes are particularly effective at correcting continuous noise, such as Gaussian noise and loss, and can significantly…

Quantum error correction codes protect information from realistic noisy channels and lie at the heart of quantum computation and communication tasks. Understanding the optimal performance and other information-theoretic properties, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-10 Guo Zheng , Wenhao He , Gideon Lee , Kyungjoo Noh , Liang Jiang

We propose two schemes to obtain Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) error syndromes by means of linear optical operations, homodyne measurements and GKP ancillae. This includes showing that for a concatenation of GKP codes with a $[n,k,d]$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-04 Frank Schmidt , Peter van Loock

Decoherence errors arising from noisy environments remain a central obstacle to progress in quantum computation and information processing. Quantum error correction (QEC) based on the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) protocol offers a…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is an essential concept for any quantum information processing device. Typically, QEC is designed with minimal assumptions about the noise process; this generic assumption exacts a high cost in efficiency and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-26 Andrew S. Fletcher

Arbitrarily long quantum computations require quantum memories that can be repeatedly measured without being corrupted. Here, we preserve the state of a quantum memory, notably with the additional use of flagged error events. All error…

Optical quantum computing is a promising approach for achieving large-scale quantum computation. While Gaussian operations have been successfully scaled, the inherently weak nonlinearity in optics makes generating highly non-Gaussian states…

Both discrete and continuous systems can be used to encode quantum information. Most quantum computation schemes propose encoding qubits in two-level systems, such as a two-level atom or an electron spin. Others exploit the use of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-18 Hilma Vasconcelos , Liliana Sanz , Scott Glancy

The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) encoding of a qubit within an oscillator provides a number of advantages when used in a fault-tolerant architecture for quantum computing, most notably that Gaussian operations suffice to implement all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-09 Keith R. Motes , Ben Q. Baragiola , Alexei Gilchrist , Nicolas C. Menicucci

Entangling quantum memories, mediated by optical-frequency or microwave channels, at high rates and fidelities is key for linking qubits across short and long ranges. All well-known protocols encode up to one qubit per optical mode, hence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Prajit Dhara , Liang Jiang , Saikat Guha

The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code was proposed in 2001 by Daniel Gottesman, Alexei Kitaev, and John Preskill as a way to encode a qubit in an oscillator. The GKP codewords are coherent superpositions of periodically displaced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-25 Arne L. Grimsmo , Shruti Puri