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Large Language Models (LLMs), representing a significant achievement in artificial intelligence (AI) research, have demonstrated their ability in a multitude of tasks. This project aims to explore the capabilities of GPT-3.5, a leading…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Jingjing Wang , Joshua Luo , Grace Yang , Allen Hong , Feng Luo

Online harms are a growing problem in digital spaces, putting user safety at risk and reducing trust in social media platforms. One of the most persistent forms of harm is hate speech. To address this, we need tools that combine the speed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Paloma Piot , Diego Sánchez , Javier Parapar

Internet memes are a powerful form of online communication, yet their nature and reliance on commonsense knowledge make toxicity detection challenging. Identifying key features for meme interpretation and understanding, is a crucial task.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Stefano De Giorgis , Ting-Chih Chen , Filip Ilievski

Data annotation, the practice of assigning descriptive labels to raw data, is pivotal in optimizing the performance of machine learning models. However, it is a resource-intensive process susceptible to biases introduced by annotators. The…

The recently introduced hateful meme challenge demonstrates the difficulty of determining whether a meme is hateful or not. Specifically, both unimodal language models and multimodal vision-language models cannot reach the human level of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Efrat Blaier , Itzik Malkiel , Lior Wolf

Hateful rhetoric is plaguing online discourse, fostering extreme societal movements and possibly giving rise to real-world violence. A potential solution to this growing global problem is citizen-generated counter speech where citizens…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Joshua Garland , Keyan Ghazi-Zahedi , Jean-Gabriel Young , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , Mirta Galesic

In the evolving landscape of online communication, hate speech detection remains a formidable challenge, further compounded by the diversity of digital platforms. This study investigates the effectiveness and adaptability of pre-trained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ahmad Nasir , Aadish Sharma , Kokil Jaidka , Saifuddin Ahmed

The automatic detection of hate speech online is an active research area in NLP. Most of the studies to date are based on social media datasets that contribute to the creation of hate speech detection models trained on them. However, data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Dimosthenis Antypas , Jose Camacho-Collados

Hate speech frequently appears on social media platforms and urgently needs to be effectively controlled. Alleviating the bias caused by hate speech can help resolve various ethical issues. Although existing research has constructed several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Hongyan Wu , Zhengming Chen , Zijian Li , Nankai Lin , Lianxi Wang , Shengyi Jiang , Aimin Yang

This work investigates the challenging task of identifying narrative roles - Hero, Villain, Victim, and Other - in Internet memes, across three diverse test sets spanning English and code-mixed (English-Hindi) languages. Building on an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shivam Sharma , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Memes are one of the most popular types of content used in an online disinformation campaign. They are primarily effective on social media platforms since they can easily reach many users. Memes in a disinformation campaign achieve their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Shreenaga Chikoti , Shrey Mehta , Ashutosh Modi

The widespread presence of hate speech on the internet, including formats such as text-based tweets and vision-language memes, poses a significant challenge to digital platform safety. Recent research has developed detection models tailored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Ming Shan Hee , Aditi Kumaresan , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Exploiting social media to spread hate has tremendously increased over the years. Lately, multi-modal hateful content such as memes has drawn relatively more traction than uni-modal content. Moreover, the availability of implicit content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Piush Aggarwal , Pranit Chawla , Mithun Das , Punyajoy Saha , Binny Mathew , Torsten Zesch , Animesh Mukherjee

The complexity of text-embedded images presents a formidable challenge in machine learning given the need for multimodal understanding of multiple aspects of expression conveyed by them. While previous research in multimodal analysis has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Siddhant Bikram Shah , Shuvam Shiwakoti , Maheep Chaudhary , Haohan Wang

Current research on hate speech analysis is typically oriented towards monolingual and single classification tasks. In this paper, we present a new multilingual multi-aspect hate speech analysis dataset and use it to test the current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Nedjma Ousidhoum , Zizheng Lin , Hongming Zhang , Yangqiu Song , Dit-Yan Yeung

The prevalence of multi-modal content on social media complicates automated moderation strategies. This calls for an enhancement in multi-modal classification and a deeper understanding of understated meanings in images and memes. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Rongxin Ouyang , Kokil Jaidka , Subhayan Mukerjee , Guangyu Cui

Social media platforms serve as accessible outlets for individuals to express their thoughts and experiences, resulting in an influx of user-generated data spanning all age groups. While these platforms enable free expression, they also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Nikhil Narayan , Mrutyunjay Biswal , Pramod Goyal , Abhranta Panigrahi

Digital platforms have an ever-expanding user base, and act as a hub for communication, business, and connectivity. However, this has also allowed for the spread of hate speech and misogyny. Artificial intelligence models have emerged as an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Sargam Yadav , Abhishek Kaushik , Kevin Mc Daid

Hate speech has grown significantly on social media, causing serious consequences for victims of all demographics. Despite much attention being paid to characterize and detect discriminatory speech, most work has focused on explicit or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Mai ElSherief , Caleb Ziems , David Muchlinski , Vaishnavi Anupindi , Jordyn Seybolt , Munmun De Choudhury , Diyi Yang

With the freedom of communication provided in online social media, hate speech has increasingly generated. This leads to cyber conflicts affecting social life at the individual and national levels. As a result, hateful content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Khouloud Mnassri , Praboda Rajapaksha , Reza Farahbakhsh , Noel Crespi