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In human conversations, short backchannel utterances such as "yeah" and "oh" play a crucial role in facilitating smooth and engaging dialogue. These backchannels signal attentiveness and understanding without interrupting the speaker,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Koji Inoue , Divesh Lala , Gabriel Skantze , Tatsuya Kawahara

We propose a reinforcement learning-based approach to optimize conversational strategies for product recommendation across diverse industries. As organizations increasingly adopt intelligent agents to support sales and service operations,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kang Liu

Turn-taking is a fundamental aspect of conversation, but current Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) systems often rely on simplistic, silence-based models, leading to unnatural pauses and interruptions. This paper investigates, for the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Gabriel Skantze , Bahar Irfan

In human dialogue, nonverbal information such as nodding and facial expressions is as crucial as verbal information, and spoken dialogue systems are also expected to express such nonverbal behaviors. We focus on nodding, which is critical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kazushi Kato , Koji Inoue , Divesh Lala , Keiko Ochi , Tatsuya Kawahara

In face-to-face conversations, individuals need to switch between speaking and listening roles seamlessly. Existing 3D talking head generation models focus solely on speaking or listening, neglecting the natural dynamics of interactive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ziqiao Peng , Yanbo Fan , Haoyu Wu , Xuan Wang , Hongyan Liu , Jun He , Zhaoxin Fan

Pre-training models have been proved effective for a wide range of natural language processing tasks. Inspired by this, we propose a novel dialogue generation pre-training framework to support various kinds of conversations, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Siqi Bao , Huang He , Fan Wang , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Recent progress on large language models (LLMs) has enabled dialogue agents to generate highly naturalistic and plausible text. However, current LLM language generation focuses on responding accurately to questions and requests with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Joey Hong , Jessica Lin , Anca Dragan , Sergey Levine

We propose an approach for continuous prediction of turn-taking and backchanneling locations in spoken dialogue by fusing a neural acoustic model with a large language model (LLM). Experiments on the Switchboard human-human conversation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Jinhan Wang , Long Chen , Aparna Khare , Anirudh Raju , Pranav Dheram , Di He , Minhua Wu , Andreas Stolcke , Venkatesh Ravichandran

Modeling engagement in collaborative learning remains challenging, especially in technology-enhanced environments where surface indicators such as participation frequency can be misleading. This study proposes a lightweight and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Joan Zhong

In this paper we describe the requirements and early system design for a smart conversational agent that can assist older adults in the reminiscence process. The practice of reminiscence has well documented benefits for the mental, social…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Svetlana Nikitina , Sara Callaioli , Marcos Baez

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular interface for human-AI interaction, supporting information seeking and task assistance through natural, multi-turn dialogue. To respond to users within multi-turn dialogues, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Sha Li , Hansi Zeng , Xin Liu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Dakuo Wang , Meng Jiang

Language-guided robots must be able to both ask humans questions and understand answers. Much existing work focuses only on the latter. In this paper, we go beyond instruction following and introduce a two-agent task where one agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Homero Roman Roman , Yonatan Bisk , Jesse Thomason , Asli Celikyilmaz , Jianfeng Gao

This paper summarizes our submission to Task 2 of the second track of the 10th Dialog System Technology Challenge (DSTC10) "Knowledge-grounded Task-oriented Dialogue Modeling on Spoken Conversations". Similar to the previous year's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-17 David Thulke , Nico Daheim , Christian Dugast , Hermann Ney

Language understanding (LU) and dialogue policy learning are two essential components in conversational systems. Human-human dialogues are not well-controlled and often random and unpredictable due to their own goals and speaking habits.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Ta-Chung Chi , Po-Chun Chen , Shang-Yu Su , Yun-Nung Chen

Full-duplex interaction, where speakers and listeners converse simultaneously, is a key element of human communication often missing from traditional spoken dialogue systems. These systems, based on rigid turn-taking paradigms, struggle to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Chengyou Wang , Hongfei Xue , Guojian Li , Zhixian Zhao , Shuiyuan Wang , Shuai Wang , Xin Xu , Hui Bu , Lei Xie

Conversational recommender systems have attracted immense attention recently. The most recent approaches rely on neural models trained on recorded dialogs between humans, implementing an end-to-end learning process. These systems are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Ahtsham Manzoor , Dietmar Jannach

Speech time reversal refers to the process of reversing the entire speech signal in time, causing it to play backward. Such signals are completely unintelligible since the fundamental structures of phonemes and syllables are destroyed.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Ishan D. Biyani , Nirmesh J. Shah , Ashishkumar P. Gudmalwar , Pankaj Wasnik , Rajiv R. Shah

Multiturn dialogue models aim to generate human-like responses by leveraging conversational context, consisting of utterances from previous exchanges. Existing methods often neglect the interactions between these utterances or treat all of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Akanksha Mehndiratta , Krishna Asawa

Being able to generate informative and coherent dialogue responses is crucial when designing human-like open-domain dialogue systems. Encoder-decoder-based dialogue models tend to produce generic and dull responses during the decoding step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Ziming Li , Julia Kiseleva , Maarten de Rijke

Multimodal empathetic response generation (MERG) aims to generate emotionally engaging and empathetic responses based on users' multimodal contexts. Existing approaches usually rely on an implicit one-pass generation paradigm from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Liping Wang , Cheng Ye , Weidong Chen , Peipei Song , Bo Hu , Zhendong Mao