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Related papers: Generalization Limits of In-Context Operator Netwo…

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In-context learning refers to the ability of a model to condition on a prompt sequence consisting of in-context examples (input-output pairs corresponding to some task) along with a new query input, and generate the corresponding output.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Shivam Garg , Dimitris Tsipras , Percy Liang , Gregory Valiant

In-context learning is a powerful capability of certain machine learning models that arguably underpins the success of today's frontier AI models. However, in-context learning is critically limited to settings where the in-context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Rylan Schaeffer , Mikail Khona , Sanmi Koyejo

We present a novel framework combining Deep Operator Networks (DeepONets) with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) and estimate their unknown parameters. By integrating data-driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Amogh Raj , Carol Eunice Gudumotou , Sakol Bun , Keerthana Srinivasa , Arash Sarshar

Large transformer models have been shown to be capable of performing in-context learning. By using examples in a prompt as well as a query, they are capable of performing tasks such as few-shot, one-shot, or zero-shot learning to output the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Antony Zhao , Alex Proshkin , Fergal Hennessy , Francesco Crivelli

In-context learning enables transformer models to generalize to new tasks based solely on input prompts, without any need for weight updates. However, existing training paradigms typically rely on large, unstructured datasets that are…

Generating rational and generally accurate responses to tasks, often accompanied by example demonstrations, highlights Large Language Model's (LLM's) remarkable In-Context Learning (ICL) capabilities without requiring updates to the model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Debanjan Dutta , Faizanuddin Ansari , Swagatam Das

The transformer's remarkable ability to perform in-context learning (ICL) has sparked a wide range of studies designed to understand its strengths and limitations. However, a theoretical understanding of when ICL can and cannot generalize…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-30 Soo Min Kwon , Alec S. Xu , Can Yaras , Laura Balzano , Qing Qu

Deep learning models face persistent challenges in training, particularly due to internal covariate shift and label shift. While single-mode normalization methods like Batch Normalization partially address these issues, they are constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Bilal Faye , Hanane Azzag , Mustapha Lebbah , Djamel Bouchaffra

Neural operators extend data-driven models to map between infinite-dimensional functional spaces. These models have successfully solved continuous dynamical systems represented by differential equations, viz weather forecasting, fluid flow,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Karn Tiwari , N M Anoop Krishnan , Prathosh A P

Operator learning seeks to approximate mappings from input functions to output solutions, particularly in the context of partial differential equations (PDEs). While recent advances such as DeepONet and Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yile Li , Shandian Zhe

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been proven as a promising way for solving various partial differential equations, especially high-dimensional ones and those with irregular boundaries. However, their capabilities in real…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Guojie Li , Wuyue Yang , Liu Hong

Neural operators extend data-driven models to map between infinite-dimensional functional spaces. While these operators perform effectively in either the time or frequency domain, their performance may be limited when applied to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Karn Tiwari , N M Anoop Krishnan , A P Prathosh

Feed-forward, fully-connected Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) or the so-called Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) are well-known universal approximators. However, their learning performance varies significantly depending on the function or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Serkan Kiranyaz , Turker Ince , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) and their variational counterparts (VPINNs) are neural networks that incorporate physical laws, making them useful for scientific problems. Existing generalization analyses for PINNs and VPINNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yuka Hashimoto , Tomoharu Iwata

We propose a very general framework for deriving rigorous bounds on the approximation error for physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and operator learning architectures such as DeepONets and FNOs as well as for physics-informed operator…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Tim De Ryck , Siddhartha Mishra

As an alternative to classical numerical solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs) subject to boundary value constraints, there has been a surge of interest in investigating neural networks that can solve such problems efficiently.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Winfried Lötzsch , Simon Ohler , Johannes S. Otterbach

Context modeling is one of the most fertile subfields of visual recognition which aims at designing discriminant image representations while incorporating their intrinsic and extrinsic relationships. However, the potential of context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Mingyuan Jiu , Hichem Sahbi

Physics-informed deep operator networks (DeepONets) have emerged as a promising approach toward numerically approximating the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). In this work, we aim to develop further understanding of what…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Emily Williams , Amanda Howard , Brek Meuris , Panos Stinis

Machine learning, especially physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and their neural network variants, has been widely used to solve problems involving partial differential equations (PDEs). The successful deployment of such methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Genwei Ma , Ting Luo , Ping Yang , Xing Zhao

Standard neural networks can approximate general nonlinear operators, represented either explicitly by a combination of mathematical operators, e.g., in an advection-diffusion-reaction partial differential equation, or simply as a black…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Somdatta Goswami , Aniruddha Bora , Yue Yu , George Em Karniadakis