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Optimizing the performance of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) applications accelerated by graphics processing units (GPUs) is crucial for efficient simulations. In this study, we employed a machine learning-based autotuning technique to…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Weicheng Xue , Christohper John Roy

LLM-based Triton kernel generation has attracted significant interest, yet a fundamental empirical question remains unanswered: where does this capability break down, and why? We present KernelBenchX, a benchmark designed to answer this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Han Wang , Jintao Zhang , Kai Jiang , Haoxu Wang , Jianfei Chen , Jun Zhu

We have developed several autotuning benchmarks in CUDA that take into account performance-relevant source-code parameters and reach near peak-performance on various GPU architectures. We have used them during the development and evaluation…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Jiří Filipovič , Jana Hozzová , Amin Nezarat , Jaroslav Oľha , Filip Petrovič

LLM-based agents for GPU kernel generation are advancing rapidly, yet their progress is fundamentally constrained by the benchmarks they optimize against. Existing benchmarks are poorly aligned with production inference frameworks: they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Gabriele Oliaro , Yichao Fu , May Jiang , Owen Lu , Junli Wang , Zhihao Jia , Hao Zhang , Samyam Rajbhandari

Efficient GPU kernels are crucial for building performant machine learning architectures, but writing them is a time-consuming challenge that requires significant expertise; therefore, we explore using language models (LMs) to automate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Anne Ouyang , Simon Guo , Simran Arora , Alex L. Zhang , William Hu , Christopher Ré , Azalia Mirhoseini

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, such as Large Language Models, are primarily driven and executed by Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). These GPU programs (kernels) consume substantial amounts of energy, yet software developers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Saurabhsingh Rajput , Alexander Brandt , Vadim Elisseev , Tushar Sharma

Automatic code generation is frequently used to create implementations of algorithms specifically tuned to particular hardware and application parameters. The code generation process involves the selection of adequate code transformations,…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Dominik Ernst , Georg Hager , Markus Holzer , Matthias Knorr , Gerhard Wellein

The prohibitive expense of automatic performance tuning at scale has largely limited the use of autotuning to libraries for shared-memory and GPU architectures. We introduce a framework for approximate autotuning that achieves a desired…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Edward Hutter , Edgar Solomonik

GPU kernels have come to the forefront of computing due to their utility in varied fields, from high-performance computing to machine learning. A typical GPU compute kernel is invoked millions, if not billions of times in a typical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Khawir Mahmood , Jehandad Khan , Hammad Afzal

Developing efficient GPU kernels is essential for scaling modern AI systems, yet it remains a complex task due to intricate hardware architectures and the need for specialized optimization expertise. Although Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Ali Tehrani , Yahya Emara , Essam Wissam , Wojciech Paluch , Waleed Atallah , Łukasz Dudziak , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

Optimizing GPU kernels manually is a challenging and time-consuming task. With the rapid development of LLMs, automated GPU kernel optimization is gradually becoming a tangible reality. However, current LLM-driven automated optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yuxuan Han , Meng-Hao Guo , Zhengning Liu , Wenguang Chen , Shi-Min Hu

Modern machine learning (ML) workloads increasingly rely on GPUs, yet achieving high end-to-end performance remains challenging due to dependencies on both GPU kernel efficiency and host-side settings. Although LLM-based methods show…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Shiyang Li , Zijian Zhang , Winson Chen , Yuebo Luo , Mingyi Hong , Caiwen Ding

Nowadays, GPU accelerators are commonly used to speed up general-purpose computing tasks on a variety of hardware. However, due to the diversity of GPU architectures and processed data, optimization of codes for a particular type of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Jiří Filipovič , Jana Hozzová , Amin Nezarat , Jaroslav Oľha , Filip Petrovič

Modern AI models demand high-performance computation kernels. The growing complexity of LLMs, multimodal architectures, and recommendation systems, combined with techniques like sparsity and quantization, creates significant computational…

The efficiency of GPU kernels is central to the progress of modern AI, yet optimizing them remains a difficult and labor-intensive task due to complex interactions between memory hierarchies, thread scheduling, and hardware-specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Juncheng Dong , Yang Yang , Tao Liu , Yang Wang , Feng Qi , Vahid Tarokh , Kaushik Rangadurai , Shuang Yang

While early AutoML frameworks focused on optimizing traditional ML pipelines and their hyperparameters, a recent trend in AutoML is to focus on neural architecture search. In this paper, we introduce Auto-PyTorch, which brings the best of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Lucas Zimmer , Marius Lindauer , Frank Hutter

Graph neural network (GNN) inference faces significant bottlenecks in preprocessing, which often dominate overall inference latency. We introduce AutoGNN, an FPGA-based accelerator designed to address these challenges by leveraging FPGA's…

As Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) become popular, libraries like PyTorch-Geometric (PyG) and Deep Graph Library (DGL) are proposed; these libraries have emerged as the de facto standard for implementing GNNs because they provide…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Yi-Chien Lin , Yuyang Chen , Sameh Gobriel , Nilesh Jain , Gopi Krishna Jha , Viktor Prasanna

Triton, a high-level Python-like language designed for building efficient GPU kernels, is widely adopted in deep learning frameworks due to its portability, flexibility, and accessibility. However, programming and parallel optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Jianling Li , Shangzhan Li , Zhenye Gao , Qi Shi , Yuxuan Li , Zefan Wang , Jiacheng Huang , Haojie Wang , Jianrong Wang , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

The challenge of mapping AI architectures to GPU hardware is creating a critical bottleneck in AI progress. Despite substantial efforts, hand-written custom kernels fail to meet their theoretical performance thresholds, even on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Benjamin F. Spector , Simran Arora , Aaryan Singhal , Daniel Y. Fu , Christopher Ré