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User satisfaction in dialogue systems is inherently subjective. When the same response strategy is applied across users, minority users may assign different satisfaction ratings than majority users due to variations in individual intents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yahui Fu , Zi Haur Pang , Tatsuya Kawahara

Conventional recommendation systems (RSs) are typically optimized to enhance performance metrics uniformly across all training samples. This makes it hard for data-driven RSs to cater to a diverse set of users due to the varying properties…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Kirandeep Kaur , Chirag Shah

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a cutting-edge approach in sequential recommendation, leveraging historical interactions to model dynamic user preferences. Current methods mainly focus on learning processed recommendation data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Weicong Qin , Yi Xu , Weijie Yu , Chenglei Shen , Xiao Zhang , Ming He , Jianping Fan , Jun Xu

Robots operating in human-shared environments must not only achieve task-level navigation objectives such as safety and efficiency, but also adapt their behavior to human preferences. However, as human preferences are typically expressed in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Tharun Sethuraman , Subham Agrawal , Nils Dengler , Jorge de Heuvel , Teena Hassan , Maren Bennewitz

Conventional methods for aggregating layers in fine-tuned self-supervised speech models, such as using the final layer or weighted sum, suffer from information bottlenecks and static feature weighting for all dataset examples. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Daria Diatlova , Nikita Balagansky , Alexander Varlamov , Egor Spirin

Alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) aims to align outputs with human preferences, and personalized alignment further adapts models to individual users. This relies on personalized reward models that capture user-specific preferences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hongru Cai , Yongqi Li , Tiezheng Yu , Fengbin Zhu , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Wenjie Li

Large Language Models are typically trained with next-turn rewards, limiting their ability to optimize for long-term interaction. As a result, they often respond passively to ambiguous or open-ended user requests, failing to help users…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Shirley Wu , Michel Galley , Baolin Peng , Hao Cheng , Gavin Li , Yao Dou , Weixin Cai , James Zou , Jure Leskovec , Jianfeng Gao

User behavior modeling lies at the heart of personalized applications like recommender systems. With LLM-based agents, user preference representation has evolved from latent embeddings to semantic memory. While existing memory mechanisms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yuxin Liao , Le Wu , Min Hou , Yu Wang , Han Wu , Meng Wang

The integration of vision-language models into robotic systems constitutes a significant advancement in enabling machines to interact with their surroundings in a more intuitive manner. While VLMs offer rich multimodal reasoning, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Hamed Rahimi , Adil Bahaj , Mouad Abrini , Mahdi Khoramshahi , Mounir Ghogho , Mohamed Chetouani

Large Language Models (LLMs)-based agents have made impressive progress in reasoning and tool use, enabling them to solve complex tasks. However, their ability to proactively collaborate with users, especially when goals are vague,…

Personalized retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) aims to produce user-tailored responses by incorporating retrieved user profiles alongside the input query. Existing methods primarily focus on improving retrieval and rely on large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Kepu Zhang , Teng Shi , Weijie Yu , Jun Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been widely adopted in conversational agents. However, the increasingly long interactions between users and agents accumulate extensive dialogue records, making it difficult for LLMs with limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Derong Xu , Yi Wen , Pengyue Jia , Yingyi Zhang , wenlin zhang , Yichao Wang , Huifeng Guo , Ruiming Tang , Xiangyu Zhao , Enhong Chen , Tong Xu

Effective emotional support hinges on understanding users' emotions and needs to provide meaningful comfort during multi-turn interactions. Large Language Models (LLMs) show great potential for expressing empathy; however, they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jing Ye , Lu Xiang , Yaping Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Conversational Question Answering (ConvQA) involves multiple subtasks, i) to understand incomplete questions in their context, ii) to retrieve relevant information, and iii) to generate answers. This work presents PRAISE, a pipeline-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Magdalena Kaiser , Gerhard Weikum

Modern agents powered by thinking LLMs achieve high accuracy through long chain-of-thought reasoning but incur substantial inference costs. While many LLMs now support configurable reasoning levels (e.g., high/medium/low), static strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jingbo Yang , Bairu Hou , Wei Wei , Yujia Bao , Shiyu Chang

User preference modeling is a vital yet challenging problem in personalized product search. In recent years, latent space based methods have achieved state-of-the-art performance by jointly learning semantic representations of products,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Fan Lu , Qimai Li , Bo Liu , Xiao-Ming Wu , Xiaotong Zhang , Fuyu Lv , Guli Lin , Sen Li , Taiwei Jin , Keping Yang

The recent progress in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has broadened the scope of multimodal applications. However, evaluations often remain limited to functional tasks, neglecting abstract dimensions such as personality traits and human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jingxuan Li , Yuning Yang , Shengqi Yang , Linfan Zhang , Ying Nian Wu

In search systems, effectively coordinating the two core objectives of search relevance matching and click-through rate (CTR) prediction is crucial for discovering users' interests and enhancing platform revenue. In our prior work PRECTR,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Shuzhi Cao , Rong Chen , Ailong He , Shuguang Han , Jufeng Chen

Retrieval models aim at selecting a small set of item candidates which match the preference of a given user. They play a vital role in large-scale recommender systems since subsequent models such as rankers highly depend on the quality of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Lei Li , Jianxun Lian , Xiao Zhou , Xing Xie

In preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL), a reward function is learned from a type of human feedback called preference. To expedite preference collection, recent works have leveraged \emph{offline preferences}, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Guoxi Zhang , Han Bao , Hisashi Kashima