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Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced various natural language processing tasks, but deploying them remains computationally expensive. Knowledge distillation (KD) is a promising solution, enabling the transfer of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yuhang Zhou , Jing Zhu , Paiheng Xu , Xiaoyu Liu , Xiyao Wang , Danai Koutra , Wei Ai , Furong Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered increasing attention owing to their powerful logical reasoning capabilities. Generally, larger LLMs (L-LLMs) that require paid interfaces exhibit significantly superior performance compared to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Dong Chen , Shilin Zhang , Fei Gao , Yueting Zhuang , Siliang Tang , Qidong Liu , Mingliang Xu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise as agents in interactive tasks, their substantial computational requirements and restricted number of calls constrain their practical utility, especially in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Maryam Hashemzadeh , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Sarath Chandar , Marc-Alexandre Cote

Training VideoLLMs for complex reasoning remains challenging due to sparse sequence level rewards and the lack of fine grained credit assignment over long, temporally grounded reasoning trajectories. While reinforcement learning with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Hao Lin , Kunyang Lv , Xu Jiang , Jingqi Tian , Zhongjing Du , Jiayu Ding , Qiaoman Zhang , Hongbo Jin

Knowledge distillation is a widely adopted technique for transferring capabilities from LLMs to smaller, more efficient student models. However, unauthorized use of knowledge distillation takes unfair advantage of the considerable effort…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xinhang Ma , William Yeoh , Ning Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Self-supervised speech pre-training enables deep neural network models to capture meaningful and disentangled factors from raw waveform signals. The learned universal speech representations can then be used across numerous downstream tasks.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-24 Heitor R. Guimarães , Arthur Pimentel , Anderson R. Avila , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Boxing Chen , Tiago H. Falk

Large language models (LLMs) deliver remarkable performance but are costly to deploy, motivating knowledge distillation (KD) for efficient inference. Existing KD objectives typically match student and teacher probabilities via softmax,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yeongmin Kim , Donghyeok Shin , Mina Kang , Byeonghu Na , Il-Chul Moon

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by encouraging step-by-step reasoning in natural language. However, leveraging a latent continuous space for reasoning may offer benefits in terms of both efficiency and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Zhenyi Shen , Hanqi Yan , Linhai Zhang , Zhanghao Hu , Yali Du , Yulan He

Leading open-source large language models (LLMs) such as Llama-3.1-Instruct-405B are extremely capable at generating text, answering questions, and solving a variety of natural language understanding tasks. However, they incur higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Anup Shirgaonkar , Nikhil Pandey , Nazmiye Ceren Abay , Tolga Aktas , Vijay Aski

Frontier reasoning models have exhibited incredible capabilities across a wide array of disciplines, driven by posttraining large language models (LLMs) with reinforcement learning (RL). However, despite the widespread success of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Aayush Karan , Yilun Du

Distilling reasoning paths from teacher to student models via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) provides a shortcut for improving the reasoning ability of smaller Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the reasoning paths generated by teacher…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Yunchang Zhu , Jia Gu , Zihao Wei , Jingcheng Deng , Feiyang Pan , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Small Language Models (SLMs, under 10B parameters) are attractive for private, on-device deployment, yet they frequently fail on strict constraint-satisfaction problems due to linear, overconfident reasoning traces that do not recover from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Aradhya Dixit , Tianxi Liang , Jai Telang

While the ``deep reasoning'' paradigm has spurred significant advances in verifiable domains like mathematics, its application to open-ended, creative generation remains a critical challenge. The two dominant methods for instilling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Haozhe Wang , Haoran Que , Qixin Xu , Minghao Liu , Wangchunshu Zhou , Jiazhan Feng , Wanjun Zhong , Wei Ye , Tong Yang , Wenhao Huang , Ge Zhang , Fangzhen Lin

We study whether lightweight symbolic reasoning supervision can improve fix type classification in compact automated program repair models. Small code models are attractive for resource-constrained settings, but they typically produce only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Aanand Balasubramanian , Sashank Silwal

Language models (LMs) like GPT-4 are important in AI applications, but their opaque decision-making process reduces user trust, especially in safety-critical areas. We introduce LMExplainer, a novel knowledge-grounded explainer that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Zichen Chen , Jianda Chen , Yuanyuan Chen , Han Yu , Ambuj K Singh , Misha Sra

Knowledge distillation is typically realized by transferring a teacher model's knowledge into a student's parameters through supervised or reinforcement-based optimization. While effective, such approaches require repeated parameter updates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Shuozhi Yuan , Jinqing Wang , Zihao Liu , Miaomiao Yuan , Haoran Peng , Jin Zhao , Bingwen Wang , Haoyi Wang

Lipreading has witnessed a lot of progress due to the resurgence of neural networks. Recent works have placed emphasis on aspects such as improving performance by finding the optimal architecture or improving generalization. However, there…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Pingchuan Ma , Brais Martinez , Stavros Petridis , Maja Pantic

Simulating ecohydrological processes is essential for understanding complex environmental systems and guiding sustainable management amid accelerating climate change and human pressures. Process-based models provide physical realism but can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Long Jiang , Yang Yang , Ting Fong May Chui , Morgan Thornwell , Hoshin Vijai Gupta

The advent of contextual word embeddings -- representations of words which incorporate semantic and syntactic information from their context -- has led to tremendous improvements on a wide variety of NLP tasks. However, recent contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Prakhar Gupta , Martin Jaggi

This technical report presents Ring-Lite-Distill, a lightweight reasoning model derived from our open-source Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Large Language Models (LLMs) Ling-Lite. This study demonstrates that through meticulous high-quality data…