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Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in handling long sequences. Some models like Gemini could even to be capable of dealing with millions of tokens. However, their performance evaluation has largely been confined to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Tianle Li , Ge Zhang , Quy Duc Do , Xiang Yue , Wenhu Chen

Audio Large Language Models (Audio LLMs) enable human-like conversation about music, yet it is unclear if they are truly listening to the audio or just using textual reasoning, as recent benchmarks suggest. This paper investigates this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Giovana Morais , Magdalena Fuentes

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) still covers only a small fraction of the world's languages, mainly due to supervised data scarcity. In-context learning (ICL) with large language models (LLMs) addresses this problem, but prior work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhaolin Li , Jan Niehues

Audio Language Models (ALMs) have recently shown strong capabilities in unified reasoning over speech, sound, and natural language; yet they inherit behavioral issues observed in Large Language Models, including sycophancy--the tendency to…

Recent audio-aware large language models (ALLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across diverse audio understanding and reasoning tasks, but they still frequently produce hallucinated or overly confident outputs. While uncertainty…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-29 Chun-Yi Kuan , Wei-Ping Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Long-context modeling is one of the critical capabilities of language AI for digesting and reasoning over complex information pieces. In practice, long-context capabilities are typically built into a pre-trained language model~(LM) through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Luyu Gao , Yunyi Zhang , Jamie Callan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to solve complex tasks through In-Context Learning (ICL), where models learn from a few input-output pairs without explicit fine-tuning. In this paper, we explore the capacity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Paimon Goulart , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

Large Audio-Language Models show consistent performance gains across speech and audio benchmarks, yet high scores may not reflect true auditory perception. If a model can answer questions without processing the acoustic signal, the…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Leonardo Haw-Yang Foo , Chih-Kai Yang , Chen-An Li , Ke-Han Lu , Hung-yi Lee

We introduce Language Feedback Models (LFMs) that identify desirable behaviour - actions that help achieve tasks specified in the instruction - for imitation learning in instruction following. To train LFMs, we obtain feedback from Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Victor Zhong , Dipendra Misra , Xingdi Yuan , Marc-Alexandre Côté

This study introduces an ensemble framework for unstructured text categorization using large language models (LLMs). By integrating multiple models, the ensemble large language model (eLLM) framework addresses common weaknesses of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Ariel Kamen , Yakov Kamen

Audio-aware large language models (ALLMs) have recently made great strides in understanding and processing audio inputs. These models are typically adapted from text-based large language models (LLMs) through additional training on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Chun-Yi Kuan , Hung-yi Lee

Large language models (LLMs) are typically developed through large-scale pre-training followed by task-specific fine-tuning. Recent advances highlight the importance of an intermediate mid-training stage, where models undergo multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Kaixiang Mo , Yuxin Shi , Weiwei Weng , Zhiqiang Zhou , Shuman Liu , Haibo Zhang , Anxiang Zeng

Large Language Model (LLM) can enhance its credibility and verifiability by generating text with citations. However, existing research on citation generation is predominantly limited to sentence-level statements, neglecting the significance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yilong Xu , Jinhua Gao , Xiaoming Yu , Baolong Bi , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Recent advances in multimodal LLMs, have led to several video-text models being proposed for critical video-related tasks. However, most of the previous works support visual input only, essentially muting the audio signal in the video. Few…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Shivprasad Sagare , Hemachandran S , Kinshuk Sarabhai , Prashant Ullegaddi , Rajeshkumar SA

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in complex, multi-step workflows involving planning, tool use, reflection, and interaction with external knowledge systems. These workflows generate rapidly expanding contexts that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Kamer Ali Yuksel

While Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have advanced audio captioning, robust evaluation remains difficult. Reference-based metrics are expensive and often fail to assess acoustic fidelity, while Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Insung Lee , Taeyoung Jeong , Haejun Yoo , Du-Seong Chang , Myoung-Wan Koo

Current speech evaluation suffers from two critical limitations: the need and difficulty of designing specialized systems targeting individual audio characteristics, and poor correlation between automatic evaluation methods and human…

Despite the strong performance of large audio language models (LALMs) in various tasks, exactly how and where they integrate acoustic features with textual context remains unclear. We adapt causal tracing to investigate the internal…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wei-Chih Chen , Chien-yu Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Audio deepfakes pose a significant security threat, yet current state-of-the-art (SOTA) detection systems do not generalize well to realistic in-the-wild deepfakes. We introduce a novel \textbf{I}n-\textbf{C}ontext \textbf{L}earning…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Benjamin Chou , Yi Zhu , Surya Koppisetti

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in complex reasoning tasks. However, they can be easily misled by unfaithful arguments during conversations, even when their original statements are correct. To this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yong Zhao , Yang Deng , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua