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As the capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) advance, they can process increasingly large inputs, which, unlike in LLMs, generates significant visual token redundancy and leads to prohibitive inference costs. While many methods aim…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Pu Zhang , Yuwei Li , Xingyuan Xian , Guoming Tang

Despite being pretrained on multilingual corpora, large language models (LLMs) exhibit suboptimal performance on low-resource languages. Recent approaches have leveraged multilingual encoders alongside LLMs by introducing trainable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhiwen Ruan , Yixia Li , He Zhu , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Yun Chen , Guanhua Chen

Attention based Large Language Models (LLMs) are the state-of-the-art in natural language processing (NLP). The two most common architectures are encoders such as BERT, and decoders like the GPT models. Despite the success of encoder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Isaac Roberts , Alexander Schulz , Luca Hermes , Barbara Hammer

Structured pruning methods have proven effective in reducing the model size and accelerating inference speed in various network architectures such as Transformers. Despite the versatility of encoder-decoder models in numerous NLP tasks, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Jongwoo Ko , Seungjoon Park , Yujin Kim , Sumyeong Ahn , Du-Seong Chang , Euijai Ahn , Se-Young Yun

Structured pruning is widely used to compress large language models (LLMs), yet its effectiveness depends heavily on neuron importance estimation. Most existing methods estimate neuron importance from activation statistics on a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xiaoyun Liu , Divya Saxena , Jiannong Cao , Yuqing Zhao , Yiying Dong , Penghui Ruan

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, enabling intuitive understanding and manipulation of objects in three-dimensional space. While foundation models demonstrate remarkable performance on some benchmarks, they still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Fan-Yun Sun , Weiyu Liu , Siyi Gu , Dylan Lim , Goutam Bhat , Federico Tombari , Manling Li , Nick Haber , Jiajun Wu

Vision Transformer have set new benchmarks in several tasks, but these models come with the lack of high computational costs which makes them impractical for resource limited hardware. Network pruning reduces the computational complexity by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Patrick Glandorf , Bodo Rosenhahn

Approaches for compressing large-language models using low-rank decomposition have made strides, particularly with the introduction of activation and loss-aware SVD, which improves the trade-off between decomposition rank and downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Sidhant Sundrani , Francesco Tudisco , Pasquale Minervini

Current RF machine-learning pipelines rely on task-specific deep networks for modulation classification and related tasks, but these models require custom architectures and labeled datasets for each problem, generalize poorly across channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Hang Zou , Bohao Wang , Yu Tian , Lina Bariah , Chongwen Huang , Samson Lasaulce , Mérouane Debbah

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are trained on image-text pairs collected under canonical visual conditions and achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks. However, their robustness to real-world weather conditions, and the stability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chengyin Hu , Xiang Chen , Zhe Jia , Weiwen Shi , Fengyu Zhang , Jiujiang Guo , Yiwei Wei

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) combine a vision encoder and a large language model (LLM) through alignment training, showing strong performance on multimodal tasks. A central component in this architecture is the projection layer, which maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Raehyuk Jung , Seungjun Yu , Hyunjung Shim

Vision-language models achieve incredible performance across a wide range of tasks, but their large size makes inference costly. Recent work has shown that multimodal processing contains significant redundancies, making it possible to skip…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Max Hartman , Vidhata Jayaraman , Moulik Choraria , Akhil Bhimaraju , Lav R. Varshney

The vision-language pre-training has enabled deep models to make a huge step forward in generalizing across unseen domains. The recent learning method based on the vision-language pre-training model is a great tool for domain generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Liyuan Wang , Yan Jin , Zhen Chen , Jinlin Wu , Mengke Li , Yang Lu , Hanzi Wang

A visual-language model (VLM) pre-trained on natural images and text pairs poses a significant barrier when applied to medical contexts due to domain shift. Yet, adapting or fine-tuning these VLMs for medical use presents considerable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Aisha Urooj Khan , John Garrett , Tyler Bradshaw , Lonie Salkowski , Jiwoong Jason Jeong , Amara Tariq , Imon Banerjee

Recently, reasoning-based MLLMs have achieved a degree of success in generating long-form textual reasoning chains. However, they still struggle with complex tasks that necessitate dynamic and iterative focusing on and revisiting of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Chaoya Jiang , Yongrui Heng , Wei Ye , Han Yang , Haiyang Xu , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Shikun Zhang

Visual tokens dominate inference cost in vision-language models (VLMs), yet many carry redundant information. Existing pruning methods alleviate this but typically rely on attention magnitude or similarity scores. We reformulate visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Landi He , Xiaoyu Yang , Lijian Xu

Vision-language models (VLM) excel at general understanding yet remain weak at dynamic spatial reasoning (DSR), i.e., reasoning about the evolvement of object geometry and relationship in 3D space over time, largely due to the scarcity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Shengchao Zhou , Yuxin Chen , Yuying Ge , Wei Huang , Jiehong Lin , Ying Shan , Xiaojuan Qi

Vision-Language-Action models have emerged as a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation by unifying perception, language grounding, and action generation. However, they often struggle in scenarios requiring precise spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Tao Lin , Yuxin Du , Jiting Liu , Nuobei Zhu , Yunhe Li , Yuqian Fu , Yinxinyu Chen , Hongyi Cai , Zewei Ye , Bing Cheng , Kai Ye , Yiran Mao , Yilei Zhong , MingKang Dong , Junchi Yan , Gen Li , Bo Zhao

Diffusion-based large multimodal models, such as LLaDA-V, have demonstrated impressive capabilities in vision-language understanding and generation. However, their bidirectional attention mechanism and diffusion-style iterative denoising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Zhewen Wan , Tianchen Song , Chen Lin , Zhiyong Zhao , Xianpeng Lang

Vision--language models reliably name objects in a scene, but do they represent the 3D layout those objects inhabit? We introduce a 3,034-sample human-curated benchmark targeting three components of spatial understanding: depth-ordered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Animesh Maheshwari , Divyansh Sahu , Nishit Verma