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Massive frame redundancy and limited context window make efficient frame selection crucial for long-video understanding with large vision-language models (LVLMs). Prevailing approaches, however, adopt a flat sampling paradigm which treats…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Wang Chen , Yongdong Luo , Yuhui Zeng , Luojun Lin , Tianyu Xie , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji , Xiawu Zheng

Long-form videos that span across wide temporal intervals are highly information redundant and contain multiple distinct events or entities that are often loosely related. Therefore, when performing long-form video question answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jongwoo Park , Kanchana Ranasinghe , Kumara Kahatapitiya , Wonjeong Ryu , Donghyun Kim , Michael S. Ryoo

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant success in visual understanding tasks. However, challenges persist in adapting these models for video comprehension due to the large volume of data and temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Shaojie Zhang , Jiahui Yang , Jianqin Yin , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan

Recent video multimodal large language models (MLLMs) increasingly couple step-by-step reasoning with on-demand visual evidence retrieval, allowing models to revisit relevant video segments during inference. However, two structural gaps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Peng Zhang , Guanghao Zhang , Wanggui He , Longxiang Zhang , Mushui Liu , Yan Xia , Zhenhao Peng , Weilong Dai , Jinlong Liu , Haobing Tang , Le Zhang , Hao Jiang , Pipei Huang

The rapid growth of video content demands efficient and precise retrieval systems. While vision-language models (VLMs) excel in representation learning, they often struggle with adaptive, time-sensitive video retrieval. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yicheng Duan , Xi Huang , Duo Chen

Recent advancements in video large language models (Video LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of video question answering (VideoQA). While existing methods perform well on short videos, they often struggle with long-range reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Mustafa Chasmai , Gauri Jagatap , Gouthaman KV , Grant Van Horn , Subhransu Maji , Andrea Fanelli

Long-form video question answering requires reasoning over extended temporal contexts, making frame selection critical for large vision-language models (LVLMs) bound by finite context windows. Existing methods face a sharp trade-off:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Dan Ben-Ami , Gabriele Serussi , Kobi Cohen , Chaim Baskin

Video large language models (Video-LLMs) have made significant progress in understanding videos. However, processing multiple frames leads to lengthy visual token sequences, presenting challenges such as the limited context length cannot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Hui Sun , Shiyin Lu , Huanyu Wang , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Ming Li

The problem of selecting a small-size representative summary of a large dataset is a cornerstone of machine learning, optimization and data science. Motivated by applications to recommendation systems and other scenarios with query-limited…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Dmitrii Avdiukhin , Grigory Yaroslavtsev , Samson Zhou

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) represent images and video frames as visual tokens. Scaling from single images to hour-long videos, however, inflates the token budget far beyond practical limits. Popular pipelines therefore either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zirui Zhu , Hailun Xu , Yang Luo , Yong Liu , Kanchan Sarkar , Zhenheng Yang , Yang You

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful tools that have found applications beyond human-machine interfaces and chatbots. In particular, their ability to generate reasoning traces motivated their use in many prediction tasks like math…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ayoub Hammal , Pierre Zweigenbaum , Caio Corro

Vision-language models (VLMs) have made significant progress in image classification by training with large-scale paired image-text data. Their performances largely depend on the prompt quality. While recent methods show that visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Xiangyan Qu , Gaopeng Gou , Jiamin Zhuang , Jing Yu , Kun Song , Qihao Wang , Yili Li , Gang Xiong

Screening tasks that aim to identify a small subset of top alternatives from a large pool are common in business decision-making processes. These tasks often require substantial human effort to evaluate each alternative's performance,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-28 Zaile Li , Weiwei Fan , L. Jeff Hong

Video understanding in multimodal large language models requires selecting informative frames from long, redundant videos under limited visual-token budgets. Existing methods often rely on uniform sampling, point-wise relevance scoring,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jingfeng Chen , Jiawen Qian , Wendi Deng , Yinuo Guo , Jiaqi Yu , Sicong Leng , Raghuveer Thirukovalluru , Bhuwan Dhingra

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have advanced multimodal tasks such as video question answering (QA). However, VLMs face the challenge of selecting frames effectively and efficiently, as standard uniform sampling is expensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Martin Q. Ma , Willis Guo , Aditya Agrawal , Ankit Gupta , Paul Pu Liang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

With recent advancements in video backbone architectures, combined with the remarkable achievements of large language models (LLMs), the analysis of long-form videos spanning tens of minutes has become both feasible and increasingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuxiao Chen , Jue Wang , Zhikang Zhang , Jingru Yi , Xu Zhang , Yang Zou , Zhaowei Cai , Jianbo Yuan , Xinyu Li , Hao Yang , Davide Modolo

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating program workflows for visual tasks. However, previous approaches often rely on closed-source models, lack systematic reasoning, and struggle with long-form video question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chenglin Li , Feng Han , Yikun Wang , Ruilin Li , Shuai Dong , Haowen Hou , Haitao Li , Qianglong Chen , Feng Tao , Jingqi Tong , Yin Zhang , Jiaqi Wang

Long video understanding is inherently challenging for vision-language models (VLMs) because of the extensive number of frames. With each video frame typically expanding into tens or hundreds of tokens, the limited context length of large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zheyu Zhang , Ziqi Pang , Shixing Chen , Xiang Hao , Vimal Bhat , Yu-Xiong Wang

Recent Video-Language Models (VLMs) achieve promising results on long-video understanding, but their performance still lags behind that achieved on tasks involving images or short videos. This has led to great interest in improving the long…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lars Doorenbos , Federico Spurio , Juergen Gall

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance in short-video tasks such as video question answering, but struggle in long-video understanding. The linear frame sampling strategy, conventionally used by LVLMs, fails…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Joao Pereira , Vasco Lopes , David Semedo , Joao Neves