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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been on the rise in many domains, including numerous safety-critical applications. However, for complex systems in the real world, defining the underlying environmental conditions in which the AI-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Johann Maximilian Christensen , Elena Hoemann , Frank Köster , Sven Hallerbach

Designing a web-application from a specification involves a series of well-planned and well executed steps leading to the final product. This often involves critical changes in design while testing the application, which itself is slow and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joy Dutta , Paul Fodor

We introduce the concept of "Design Agents" for engineering applications, particularly focusing on the automotive design process, while emphasizing that our approach can be readily extended to other engineering and design domains. Our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Mohamed Elrefaie , Janet Qian , Raina Wu , Qian Chen , Angela Dai , Faez Ahmed

As the complexity and heterogeneity of a system grows, the challenge of specifying, documenting and synthesizing correct, machine-readable designs increases dramatically. Separation of the system into manageable parts is needed to support…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-25 John D. Foley , Spencer Breiner , Eswaran Subrahmanian , John M. Dusel

Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools for automating design artifact generation are increasingly used in Requirements Engineering (RE) to transform textual requirements into structured diagrams and models. While these AI tools, particularly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Syed Tauhid Ullah Shah , Mohammad Hussein , Ann Barcomb , Mohammad Moshirpour

Effective Requirements Engineering is a crucial activity in softwareintensive development projects. The human-centric working mode of Design Thinking is considered a powerful way to complement such activities when designing innovative…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Jennifer Hehn , Daniel Mendez

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has become a cornerstone instrument for semiconductor materials metrology, enabling nanoscale analysis of complex multilayer structures that define device performance. Developing effective…

Experimental design in field robotics is an adaptive human-in-the-loop decision-making process in which an experimenter learns about system performance and limitations through interactions with a robot in the form of constructed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Jason M. Gregory , Sarah Al-Hussaini , Ali-akbar Agha-mohammadi , Satyandra K. Gupta

The development of an aircraft industrial system is a complex process which faces the challenge of digital discontinuity in multidisciplinary engineering due to various interfaces between different digital tools, leading to extra…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Xiaodu Hu , Rebeca Arista , Xiaochen Zheng , Joachim Lentes , Jyri Sorvari , Jinzhi Lu , Fernando Ubis , Dimitris Kiritsis

The design of embedded safety-critical systems such as those used in next-generation automotive and autonomous platforms, is increasingly challenged by escalating system complexity, hardware-software heterogeneity, and the integration of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Behnaz Ranjbar , Kirankumar Raveendiran , Sudeep Pasricha , Samarjit Chakraborty , Cecilia Carbonelli , Akash Kumar

Increasing evidence suggests that many deployed AI systems do not sufficiently support end-user interaction and information needs. Engaging end-users in the design of these systems can reveal user needs and expectations, yet effective ways…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Christine P Lee , Min Kyung Lee , Bilge Mutlu

Numerical simulations have revolutionized the industrial design process by reducing prototyping costs, design iterations, and enabling product engineers to explore the design space more efficiently. However, the growing scale of simulations…

System of systems engineering seeks to analyze, design and deploy collections of systems that together can flexibly address an array of complex tasks. In the Complex Adaptive System Composition and Design Environment program, we developed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-22 John C. Baez , John Foley

Engineering workflows such as design optimization, simulation-based diagnosis, control tuning, and model-based systems engineering (MBSE) are iterative, constraint-driven, and shaped by prior decisions. Yet many AI methods still treat these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Tong Duy Son , Zhihao Liu , Piero Brigida , Yerlan Akhmetov , Gurudevan Devarajan , Kai Liu , Ajinkya Bhave

The advent of IoT is a great opportunity to reinvigorate Computing by focusing on autonomous system design. This certainly raises technology questions but, more importantly, it requires building new foundation that will systematically…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Joseph Sifakis

In Option-Driven Design, users must interact with options and settings for systems to adapt to their needs. This approach places the burden on both the user and the system to make the interaction between user and system fit. The user must…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Frank Elavsky

Developing distributed systems presents significant challenges, primarily due to the complexity introduced by non-deterministic concurrency and faults. To address these, we propose a specification-driven development framework. Our method…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Hua Guo , Yunhong Ji , Xuan Zhou

As AI systems become increasingly capable and autonomous, domain experts' roles are shifting from performing tasks themselves to overseeing AI-generated outputs. Such oversight is critical, as undetected errors can have serious consequences…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Cedric Faas , Sophie Kerstan , Richard Uth , Markus Langer , Anna Maria Feit

In industrial practice, requirements are an indispensable element of any serious software project. In the academic study of software engineering, requirements are one of the heavily researched subjects. And yet requirements engineering, as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Maria Naumcheva , Sophie Ebersold , Jean-Michel Bruel , Bertrand Meyer

As modern software systems expand in scale and complexity, the challenges associated with their modeling and formulation grow increasingly intricate. Traditional approaches often fall short in effectively addressing these complexities,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Tarik Houichime , Younes El Amrani