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Going back to the early days in the history of quantum mechanics, the interaction of quantum and classical systems stands among the most intriguing open questions in science and makes its appearance in several fields, from physics to…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Cesare Tronci

We give a formulation of classical mechanics in the language of operators acting on a Hilbert space. The formulation given comes from a unitary irreducible representation of the Galilei group that is compatible with the basic postulates of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Andres D. Bermudez Manjarres , Marek Nowakowski , Davide Batic

We deal with the reversible dynamics of coupled quantum and classical systems. Based on a recent proposal by the authors, we exploit the theory of hybrid quantum-classical wavefunctions to devise a closure model for the coupled dynamics in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-08-10 François Gay-Balmaz , Cesare Tronci

System identification based on Koopman operator theory has grown in popularity recently. Spectral properties of the Koopman operator of a system were proven to relate to properties like invariant sets, stability, periodicity, etc. of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-27 Nibodh Boddupalli

Representing and predicting high-dimensional and spatiotemporally chaotic dynamical systems remains a fundamental challenge in dynamical systems and machine learning. Although data-driven models can achieve accurate short-term forecasts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Liangyu Su , Jun Shu , Rui Liu , Deyu Meng , Zongben Xu

The approximations of classical mechanics resulting from quantum mechanics are richer than a correspondence of classical dynamical variables with self-adjoint Hilbert space operators. Assertion that classical dynamic variables correspond to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-08 Glenn Eric Johnson

Data-driven approximations of the Koopman operator are promising for predicting the time evolution of systems characterized by complex dynamics. Among these methods, the approach known as extended dynamic mode decomposition with dictionary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 C. Ricardo Constante-Amores , Alec J. Linot , Michael D. Graham

We provide a Hilbert space approach to quantum mechanics where space and time are treated on an equal footing. Our approach replaces the standard dependence on an external classical time parameter with a spacetime-symmetric algebraic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 N. L. Diaz , R. Rossignoli

The focus of this work is a correspondence between the Hilbert space operators on one hand, and doubly periodic generalized functions on the other. The linear map that implements it, referred to as the Q-transform, enables a direct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-04 Artur Sowa

We investigate operator algebraic origins of the classical Koopman-von Neumann wave function $\psi_{KvN}$ as well as the quantum mechanical one $\psi_{QM}$. We introduce a formalism of Operator Mechanics (OM) based on a noncommutative…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Xerxes D. Arsiwalla , David Chester , Louis H. Kauffman

For the class of continuous, measure-preserving automorphisms on compact metric spaces, a procedure is proposed for constructing a sequence of finite-dimensional approximations to the associated Koopman operator on a Hilbert space. These…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-12-10 Nithin Govindarajan , Ryan Mohr , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , Igor Mezić

We study a class of dynamical systems modelled as Markov chains that admit an invariant distribution via the corresponding transfer, or Koopman, operator. While data-driven algorithms to reconstruct such operators are well known, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Vladimir Kostic , Pietro Novelli , Andreas Maurer , Carlo Ciliberto , Lorenzo Rosasco , Massimiliano Pontil

The quantum mechanical commutation relations, which are directly related to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, have a crucial importance for understanding the quantum mechanics of students. During undergraduate level courses, the…

Physics Education · Physics 2018-04-10 A. Alper Billur , Serkan Akkoyun , Murat Bursal

In this work, we explore finite-dimensional linear representations of nonlinear dynamical systems by restricting the Koopman operator to an invariant subspace. The Koopman operator is an infinite-dimensional linear operator that evolves…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Steven L. Brunton , Bingni W. Brunton , Joshua L. Proctor , J. Nathan Kutz

Data-driven spectral analysis of Koopman operators is a powerful tool for understanding numerous real-world dynamical systems, from neuronal activity to variations in sea surface temperature. The Koopman operator acts on a function space…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Nicolas Boullé , Matthew J. Colbrook , Gustav Conradie

Koopman operator theory provides a framework for nonlinear dynamical system analysis and time-series forecasting by mapping dynamics to a space of real-valued measurement functions, enabling a linear operator representation. Despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Yitian Zhang , Liheng Ma , Antonios Valkanas , Boris N. Oreshkin , Mark Coates

A high order optimal control strategy implemented in the Koopman operator framework is proposed in this work. The new technique exploits the Koopman representation of the solution of the equations of motion to develop an energy optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-15 Simone Servadio , Roberto Armellin , Richard Linares

The analogy between dynamics and optics had a great influence on the development of the foundations of classical and quantum mechanics. We take this analogy one step further and investigate the validity of Fermat's principle in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-14 Tarek A. Elsayed

In this paper, we systematically derive a finite set of Koopman based observables to construct a lifted linear state space model that describes the rigid body dynamics based on the dual quaternion representation. In general, the Koopman…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-20 Vrushabh Zinage , Efstathios Bakolas

The Koopman-von Neumann (KvN) formulation brings classical mechanics to Hilbert space, but many techniques familiar from quantum mechanics remain missing. One would hope to solve eigenvalue problems, obtain orthonormal eigenstates of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Mustafa Amin , Mark A. Walton
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