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Most Reading Comprehension methods limit themselves to queries which can be answered using a single sentence, paragraph, or document. Enabling models to combine disjoint pieces of textual evidence would extend the scope of machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Johannes Welbl , Pontus Stenetorp , Sebastian Riedel

Information retrieval systems, such as online marketplaces, news feeds, and search engines, are ubiquitous in today's digital society. They facilitate information discovery by ranking retrieved items on predicted relevance, i.e. likelihood…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-16 Rina Friedberg , Karthik Rajkumar , Jialiang Mao , Qian Yao , YinYin Yu , Min Liu

Knowledge-intensive tasks, particularly open-domain question answering (ODQA), document reranking, and retrieval-augmented language modeling, require a balance between retrieval accuracy and generative flexibility. Traditional retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Jamshid Mozafari , Bhawna Piryani , Mohammed Ali , Adam Jatowt

Since time immemorial, people have been looking for ways to organize scientific knowledge into some systems to facilitate search and discovery of new ideas. The problem was partially solved in the pre-Internet era using library…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Mariia Seleznova , Anton Belyy , Aleksei Sholokhov

To handle the vast amounts of qualitative data produced in corporate climate communication, stakeholders increasingly rely on Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. However, a significant gap remains in evaluating domain-specific…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Tobias Schimanski , Jingwei Ni , Roberto Spacey , Nicola Ranger , Markus Leippold

Multimodal documents contain diverse elements, such as tables, figures, and layouts, which can complicate retrieval tasks. While current approaches typically combine dense visual embedding models with supervised rerankers to achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ruofan Hu , Menghui Zhu , Jieming Zhu , Bo Chen , Shengyang Xu , Minjie Hong , Xiaoda Yang , Sashuai Zhou , Li Tang , Tao Jin , Zhou Zhao

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as an effective approach for addressing the knowledge outdating problem in Large Language Models (LLMs), it still faces a critical challenge: the prevalence of outdated information in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Jie Ouyang , Tingyue Pan , Mingyue Cheng , Ruiran Yan , Yucong Luo , Jiaying Lin , Qi Liu

In this paper, we investigate which questions are challenging for retrieval-based Question Answering (QA). We (i) propose retrieval complexity (RC), a novel metric conditioned on the completeness of retrieved documents, which measures the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Matteo Gabburo , Nicolaas Paul Jedema , Siddhant Garg , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Alessandro Moschitti

Document content extraction is a critical task in computer vision, underpinning the data needs of large language models (LLMs) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. Despite recent progress, current document parsing methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Linke Ouyang , Yuan Qu , Hongbin Zhou , Jiawei Zhu , Rui Zhang , Qunshu Lin , Bin Wang , Zhiyuan Zhao , Man Jiang , Xiaomeng Zhao , Jin Shi , Fan Wu , Pei Chu , Minghao Liu , Zhenxiang Li , Chao Xu , Bo Zhang , Botian Shi , Zhongying Tu , Conghui He

Inspired by the PageRank and HITS (hubs and authorities) algorithms for Web search, we propose a structural re-ranking approach to ad hoc information retrieval: we reorder the documents in an initially retrieved set by exploiting asymmetric…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Oren Kurland , Lillian Lee

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) aims to infer missing knowledge triples based on known facts in a knowledge graph. Current KGC research mostly follows an entity ranking protocol, wherein the effectiveness is measured by the predicted rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Ying Zhou , Xuanang Chen , Ben He , Zheng Ye , Le Sun

Given the dominance of dense retrievers that do not generalize well beyond their training dataset distributions, domain-specific test sets are essential in evaluating retrieval. There are few test datasets for retrieval systems intended for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Nadia Athar Sheikh , Daniel Buades Marcos , Anne-Laure Jousse , Akintunde Oladipo , Olivier Rousseau , Jimmy Lin

Temporal Information Retrieval (TIR) is a critical yet unresolved task for modern search systems, retrieving documents that not only satisfy a query's information need but also adhere to its temporal constraints. This task is shaped by two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jiawei Cao , Jie Ouyang , Zhaomeng Zhou , Mingyue Cheng , Yupeng Li , Jiaxian Yan , Qi Liu

Query by Example is a well-known information retrieval task in which a document is chosen by the user as the search query and the goal is to retrieve relevant documents from a large collection. However, a document often covers multiple…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Sheshera Mysore , Tim O'Gorman , Andrew McCallum , Hamed Zamani

Argument retrieval is the task of finding relevant arguments for a given query. While existing approaches rely solely on the semantic alignment of queries and arguments, this first shared task on perspective argument retrieval incorporates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Neele Falk , Andreas Waldis , Iryna Gurevych

The effectiveness of in-context learning relies heavily on selecting demonstrations that provide all the necessary information for a given test input. To achieve this, it is crucial to identify and cover fine-grained knowledge requirements.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Wonbin Kweon , SeongKu Kang , Runchu Tian , Pengcheng Jiang , Jiawei Han , Hwanjo Yu

Humans often have to read multiple documents to address their information needs. However, most existing reading comprehension (RC) tasks only focus on questions for which the contexts provide all the information required to answer them,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 James Ferguson , Matt Gardner , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Tushar Khot , Pradeep Dasigi

The advent of Deep Research agents has substantially reduced the time required for conducting extensive research tasks. However, these tasks inherently demand rigorous standards of factual accuracy and comprehensiveness, necessitating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Minghao Li , Ying Zeng , Zhihao Cheng , Cong Ma , Kai Jia

Advances in large language models have notably enhanced the efficiency of information extraction from unstructured and semi-structured data sources. As these technologies become integral to various applications, establishing an objective…

The combination of informetric analysis and information retrieval allows a twofold application. (1) While in-formetrics analysis is primarily used to gain insights into a scientific domain, it can be used to build recommen-dation or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-06-10 Tamara Heck , Philipp Schaer