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In multimodal learning, CLIP has been recognized as the \textit{de facto} method for learning a shared latent space across multiple modalities, placing similar representations close to each other and moving them away from dissimilar ones.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Eleonora Grassucci , Giordano Cicchetti , Emanuele Frasca , Aurelio Uncini , Danilo Comminiello

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) is widely used to train models to align images and texts in a common embedding space by mapping them to fixed-sized vectors. These models are key to multimodal information retrieval and related…

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has demonstrated remarkable generalization ability and strong performance across a wide range of vision-language tasks. However, due to the lack of region-level supervision, CLIP exhibits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Haoxi Zeng , Haoxuan Li , Yi Bin , Pengpeng Zeng , Xing Xu , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

We introduce eCLIP, an enhanced version of the CLIP model that integrates expert annotations in the form of radiologist eye-gaze heatmaps. It tackles key challenges in contrastive multi-modal medical imaging analysis, notably data scarcity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yogesh Kumar , Pekka Marttinen

Mixed modality search -- retrieving information across a heterogeneous corpus composed of images, texts, and multimodal documents -- is an important yet underexplored real-world application. In this work, we investigate how contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Binxu Li , Yuhui Zhang , Xiaohan Wang , Weixin Liang , Ludwig Schmidt , Serena Yeung-Levy

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) achieves strong generalization in vision-language tasks by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space. However, recent findings show that CLIP-like models still underutilize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weiheng Zhao , Zilong Huang , Jiashi Feng , Xinggang Wang

The application of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) in Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) research powerful cross-modal semantic understanding capabilities. Existing methods attempt to optimize input text prompts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zhongxing Xu , Feilong Tang , Zhe Chen , Yingxue Su , Zhiyi Zhao , Ge Zhang , Jionglong Su , Zongyuan Ge

Aligned text-image encoders such as CLIP have become the de facto model for vision-language tasks. Furthermore, modality-specific encoders achieve impressive performances in their respective domains. This raises a central question: does an…

CLIP is a seminal multimodal model that maps images and text into a shared representation space through contrastive learning on billions of image-caption pairs. Inspired by the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), we investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Weiquan Huang , Aoqi Wu , Yifan Yang , Xufang Luo , Yuqing Yang , Usman Naseem , Chunyu Wang , Chunyu Wang , Qi Dai , Xiyang Dai , Dongdong Chen , Chong Luo , Lili Qiu , Liang Hu

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) has become a popular choice for various downstream tasks. However, recent studies have questioned its ability to represent compositional concepts effectively. These works suggest that CLIP often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Darina Koishigarina , Arnas Uselis , Seong Joon Oh

Multimodal processing has attracted much attention lately especially with the success of pre-training. However, the exploration has mainly focused on vision-language pre-training, as introducing more modalities can greatly complicate model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Ludan Ruan , Anwen Hu , Yuqing Song , Liang Zhang , Sipeng Zheng , Qin Jin

Robotic and autonomous systems need dense spatial cues, but many monocular depth models are heavy, task-specific, or hard to attach to an existing multimodal stack. CLIP offers strong semantic representations, yet most CLIP-based depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Taewan Cho , Taeryang Kim , Andrew Jaeyong Choi

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP) is highly instrumental in machine learning applications within a large variety of domains. We investigate the geometry of this embedding, which is still not well understood. We examine the raw…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Meir Yossef Levi , Guy Gilboa

Conventional object detectors rely on cross-entropy classification, which can be vulnerable to class imbalance and label noise. We propose CLIP-Joint-Detect, a simple and detector-agnostic framework that integrates CLIP-style contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Behnam Raoufi , Hossein Sharify , Mohamad Mahdee Ramezanee , Khosrow Hajsadeghi , Saeed Bagheri Shouraki

Pre-trained vision-language (V-L) models such as CLIP have shown excellent generalization ability to downstream tasks. However, they are sensitive to the choice of input text prompts and require careful selection of prompt templates to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Hanoona Rasheed , Muhammad Maaz , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

In this paper, we propose UniLIP, a unified framework that adapts CLIP for multimodal understanding, generation and editing. Although CLIP excels at understanding, it lacks reconstruction abilities required to be a unified visual encoder.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Hao Tang , Chenwei Xie , Xiaoyi Bao , Tingyu Weng , Pandeng Li , Yun Zheng , Liwei Wang

Recent contrastive multimodal vision-language models like CLIP have demonstrated robust open-world semantic understanding, becoming the standard image backbones for vision-language applications. However, recent findings suggest high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Mayug Maniparambil , Raiymbek Akshulakov , Yasser Abdelaziz Dahou Djilali , Sanath Narayan , Ankit Singh , Noel E. O'Connor

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has achieved remarkable success in cross-modal tasks such as zero-shot image classification and text-image retrieval by effectively aligning visual and textual representations. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yingrui Ji , Xi Xiao , Gaofei Chen , Hao Xu , Chenrui Ma , Lijing Zhu , Aokun Liang , Jiansheng Chen

Contrastive Language Image Pretraining (CLIP) has received widespread attention, since its learned representations can be transferred well to various downstream tasks. During the training process of the CLIP model, the InfoNCE objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Delong Chen , Zhao Wu , Fan Liu , Zaiquan Yang , Huaxi Huang , Ying Tan , Erjin Zhou

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has become a cornerstone in multimodal intelligence. However, recent studies discovered that CLIP can only encode one aspect of the feature space, leading to substantial information loss and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jihai Zhang , Xiaoye Qu , Tong Zhu , Yu Cheng