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The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents unprecedented opportunities to revolutionize medical contrastive vision-language pre-training. In this paper, we show how LLMs can facilitate large-scale supervised pre-training,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yingtai Li , Haoran Lai , Xiaoqian Zhou , Shuai Ming , Wenxin Ma , Wei Wei , Shaohua Kevin Zhou

Existing automatic evaluation on text-to-image synthesis can only provide an image-text matching score, without considering the object-level compositionality, which results in poor correlation with human judgments. In this work, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Yujie Lu , Xianjun Yang , Xiujun Li , Xin Eric Wang , William Yang Wang

Recent literature uses language to build foundation models for audio. These Audio-Language Models (ALMs) are trained on a vast number of audio-text pairs and show remarkable performance in tasks including Text-to-Audio Retrieval,…

Evaluating audio generation systems, including text-to-music (TTM), text-to-speech (TTS), and text-to-audio (TTA), remains challenging due to the subjective and multi-dimensional nature of human perception. Existing methods treat mean…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Chien-Chun Wang , Kuan-Tang Huang , Cheng-Yeh Yang , Hung-Shin Lee , Hsin-Min Wang , Berlin Chen

Code-switching poses a number of challenges and opportunities for multilingual automatic speech recognition. In this paper, we focus on the question of robust and fair evaluation metrics. To that end, we develop a reference benchmark data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-30 Injy Hamed , Amir Hussein , Oumnia Chellah , Shammur Chowdhury , Hamdy Mubarak , Sunayana Sitaram , Nizar Habash , Ahmed Ali

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is critical for language accessibility, yet low-resource Cantonese remains challenging due to limited annotated data, six lexical tones, tone sandhi, and accent variation. Existing ASR models, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Dazhong Chen , Yi-Cheng Lin , Yuchen Huang , Ziwei Gong , Di Jiang , Zeying Xie , Yi R. , Fung

To enhance Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability, calibration is essential -- the model's assessed confidence scores should align with the actual likelihood of its responses being correct. However, current confidence elicitation methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yukun Huang , Yixin Liu , Raghuveer Thirukovalluru , Arman Cohan , Bhuwan Dhingra

As audio-first agents become increasingly common in physical AI, conversational robots, and screenless wearables, audio large language models (audio-LLMs) must integrate speaker-specific understanding to support user authorization,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 KiHyun Nam , Jungwoo Heo , Siu Bae , Ha-Jin Yu , Joon Son Chung

The analysis, processing, and extraction of meaningful information from sounds all around us is the subject of the broader area of audio analytics. Audio captioning is a recent addition to the domain of audio analytics, a cross-modal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-04 Sandeep Kothinti , Dimitra Emmanouilidou

An ideal multimodal agent should be aware of the quality of its input modalities. Recent advances have enabled large language models (LLMs) to incorporate auditory systems for handling various speech-related tasks. However, most audio LLMs…

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve inflated scores on multiple-choice tasks by exploiting inherent biases in option positions or labels, rather than demonstrating genuine understanding. This study introduces SCOPE, an evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wonjun Jeong , Dongseok Kim , Taegkeun Whangbo

Large Audio Language Models struggle to disentangle overlapping events in complex acoustic scenes, yielding temporally inconsistent captions and frequent hallucinations. We introduce Timestamped Audio Captioner (TAC), a model that produces…

Joint embedding spaces have significantly advanced music understanding and generation by linking text and audio through multimodal contrastive learning. However, these approaches face large memory requirement limitations due to relying on…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Julien Guinot , Alain Riou , Elio Quinton , György Fazekas

Despite significant advancements in caption generation, existing evaluation metrics often fail to capture the full quality or fine-grained details of captions. This is mainly due to their reliance on non-specific human-written references or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Sara Sarto , Nicholas Moratelli , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Modeling temporal characteristics plays a significant role in the representation learning of audio waveform. We propose Contrastive Long-form Language-Audio Pretraining (\textbf{CoLLAP}) to significantly extend the perception window for…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Junda Wu , Warren Li , Zachary Novack , Amit Namburi , Carol Chen , Julian McAuley

Category-agnostic pose estimation (CAPE) has traditionally relied on support images with annotated keypoints, a process that is often cumbersome and may fail to fully capture the necessary correspondences across diverse object categories.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Junho Kim , Hyungjin Chung , Byung-Hoon Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for automated grading, but their outputs can be unreliable. Rather than improving grading accuracy directly, we address a complementary problem: \textit{predicting when an LLM grader is likely to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Robinson Ferrer , Damla Turgut , Zhongzhou Chen , Shashank Sonkar

Audio-Language Models (ALMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in zero-shot audio classification. In this paper, we introduce PAT (Parameter-free Audio-Text aligner), a simple and training-free method aimed at boosting the zero-shot…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ashish Seth , Ramaneswaran Selvakumar , Sonal Kumar , Sreyan Ghosh , Dinesh Manocha

Recent years have witnessed a significant increase in the performance of Vision and Language tasks. Foundational Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have been leveraged in multiple settings and demonstrated remarkable performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Santiago Castro , Amir Ziai , Avneesh Saluja , Zhuoning Yuan , Rada Mihalcea

General audio understanding is a fundamental goal for large audio-language models, with audio captioning serving as a cornerstone task for their development. However, progress in this domain is hindered by existing datasets, which lack the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Yadong Niu , Tianzi Wang , Heinrich Dinkel , Xingwei Sun , Jiahao Zhou , Gang Li , Jizhong Liu , Junbo Zhang , Jian Luan