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Doubly robust (DR) estimators guard against model misspecification but remain sensitive to weak covariate overlap. We show that trimming propensity scores reduces variance but eliminates double robustness. We introduce DR estimators that…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-17 Yukun Ma , Pedro H. C. Sant'Anna , Yuya Sasaki , Takuya Ura

This paper proposes an adaptive random experiment design (ARED) algorithm that can be applied to optimize the multiple factors and levels experiments. The algorithm takes real-time model error as the adaptive condition, and outputs a model…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-01 Zhou Qiao , Duan Xiaochang , Tang Wei

In randomized controlled trials without interference, regression adjustment is widely used to enhance the efficiency of treatment effect estimation. This paper extends this efficiency principle to settings with network interference, where a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-18 Xinyuan Fan , Chenlei Leng , Weichi Wu

Classical randomized experiments, equipped with randomization-based inference, provide assumption-free inference for treatment effects. They have been the gold standard for drawing causal inference and provide excellent internal validity.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-22 Zihao Yang , Tianyi Qu , Xinran Li

When training a machine learning model with observational data, it is often encountered that some values are systemically missing. Learning from the incomplete data in which the missingness depends on some covariates may lead to biased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Kanghoon Lee , Jihye Choi , Moonsu Cha , Jung-Kwon Lee , Taeyoon Kim

Difference-in-differences (DID) is a widely used approach for drawing causal inference from observational panel data. Two common estimation strategies for DID are outcome regression and propensity score weighting. In this paper, motivated…

Applications · Statistics 2021-01-05 Fan Li , Fan Li

Multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP) is a popular method for addressing selection bias in subgroup estimation, with broad applications across fields from social sciences to public health. In this paper, we examine the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-06 Yajuan Si

We show how random subspace methods can be adapted to estimating local projections with many controls. Random subspace methods have their roots in the machine learning literature and are implemented by averaging over regressions estimated…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-06-04 Viet Hoang Dinh , Didier Nibbering , Benjamin Wong

Twinned regression methods are designed to solve the dual problem to the original regression problem, predicting differences between regression targets rather then the targets themselves. A solution to the original regression problem can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Sebastian J. Wetzel

We extend the continuity-based framework to Regression Discontinuity Designs (RDDs) to identify and estimate causal effects under interference when units are connected through a network. Assignment to an "effective treatment," combining the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-20 Elena Dal Torrione , Tiziano Arduini , Laura Forastiere

Randomized iterative methods have gained recent interest in machine learning and signal processing for solving large-scale linear systems. One such example is the randomized Douglas-Rachford (RDR) method, which updates the iterate by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-13 Liqi Guo , Ruike Xiang , Deren Han , Jiaxin Xie

Linear Mixed Effects (LME) models have been widely applied in clustered data analysis in many areas including marketing research, clinical trials, and biomedical studies. Inference can be conducted using maximum likelihood approach if…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-10 Hao Chen , Lanshan Han , Alvin Lim

Experimentation is widely utilized for causal inference and data-driven decision-making across disciplines. In an A/B experiment, for example, an online business randomizes two different treatments (e.g., website designs) to their customers…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-15 Wenxuan Guo , JungHo Lee , Panos Toulis

Observational cohort studies are increasingly being used for comparative effectiveness research to assess the safety of therapeutics. Recently, various doubly robust methods have been proposed for average treatment effect estimation by…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-11 Xiaoqing Tan , Shu Yang , Wenyu Ye , Douglas E. Faries , Ilya Lipkovich , Zbigniew Kadziola

In the regression problem, L1 and L2 are the most commonly used loss functions, which produce mean predictions with different biases. However, the predictions are neither robust nor adequate enough since they only capture a few conditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Faen Zhang , Xinyu Fan , Hui Xu , Pengcheng Zhou , Yujian He , Junlong Liu

Robust Markov decision processes (RMDPs) extend standard Markov decision processes (MDPs) to account for uncertainty in the transition probabilities. RMDPs have an uncertainty set that defines a set of possible transition functions, each of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Marnix Suilen , Guillermo A. Pérez

High-dimensional linear regression has been thoroughly studied in the context of independent and identically distributed data. We propose to investigate high-dimensional regression models for independent but non-identically distributed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Jérémie Bigot , Issa-Mbenard Dabo , Camille Male

Under the Neyman causal model, it is well-known that OLS with treatment-by-covariate interactions cannot harm asymptotic precision of estimated treatment effects in completely randomized experiments. But do such guarantees extend to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-19 Joel A. Middleton

Two-stage randomized experiments are becoming an increasingly popular experimental design for causal inference when the outcome of one unit may be affected by the treatment assignments of other units in the same cluster. In this paper, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-21 Zhichao Jiang , Kosuke Imai , Anup Malani

I study identification, estimation and inference for spillover effects in experiments where units' outcomes may depend on the treatment assignments of other units within a group. I show that the commonly-used reduced-form linear-in-means…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-01-21 Gonzalo Vazquez-Bare