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Recently, large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable breakthroughs in general domains such as programming and writing, and have demonstrated strong potential in various scientific research scenarios. However, the capabilities of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yonghao Weng , Liqiang Gao , Linwu Zhu , Jian Huang

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) are advancing rapidly, with new models frequently claiming support for an increasing number of languages. However, existing evaluation datasets are limited and lack cross-lingual alignment, leaving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Wenhan Han , Yifan Zhang , Zhixun Chen , Binbin Liu , Haobin Lin , Bingni Zhang , Taifeng Wang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Meng Fang , Yin Zheng

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are gaining increasing popularity in both academia and industry due to their remarkable performance in various applications such as visual question answering, visual perception, understanding, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Jian Li , Weiheng Lu , Hao Fei , Meng Luo , Ming Dai , Min Xia , Yizhang Jin , Zhenye Gan , Ding Qi , Chaoyou Fu , Ying Tai , Wankou Yang , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang

Significant advancements in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have enabled them to tackle complex problems involving visual-mathematical reasoning. However, their ability to identify geometric elements remains underexplored. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Chao Zhang , Jiamin Tang , Jing Xiao

Time series are ubiquitous in real-world scenarios and crucial for applications ranging from energy management to traffic control. Consequently, the ability to reason over time series is a fundamental skill for generalist models to solve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Fangxu Yu , Xingang Guo , Lingzhi Yuan , Haoqiang Kang , Hongyu Zhao , Lianhui Qin , Furong Huang , Bin Hu , Tianyi Zhou

Mathematical Expression Recognition (MER) has made significant progress in recognizing simple expressions, but the robust recognition of complex mathematical expressions with many tokens and multiple lines remains a formidable challenge. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weikang Bai , Yongkun Du , Yuchen Su , Yazhen Xie , Zhineng Chen

Physics problem-solving is a challenging domain for AI models, requiring integration of conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning, and interpretation of physical diagrams. Existing evaluations fail to capture the full breadth and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Lintao Wang , Encheng Su , Jiaqi Liu , Pengze Li , Jiabei Xiao , Wenlong Zhang , Xinnan Dai , Xi Chen , Yuan Meng , Lei Bai , Wanli Ouyang , Shixiang Tang , Aoran Wang , Xinzhu Ma

Evaluating progress in large language models (LLMs) is often constrained by the challenge of verifying responses, limiting assessments to tasks like mathematics, programming, and short-form question-answering. However, many real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhilin Wang , Jaehun Jung , Ximing Lu , Shizhe Diao , Ellie Evans , Jiaqi Zeng , Pavlo Molchanov , Yejin Choi , Jan Kautz , Yi Dong

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) has demonstrated capabilities across various domains, but comprehensive benchmarks for agricultural remote sensing (RS) remain scarce. Existing benchmarks designed for agricultural RS scenarios exhibit notable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Qingmei Li , Yang Zhang , Zurong Mai , Yuhang Chen , Shuohong Lou , Henglian Huang , Jiarui Zhang , Zhiwei Zhang , Yibin Wen , Weijia Li , Haohuan Fu , Jianxi Huang , Juepeng Zheng

The ability to process information from multiple modalities and to reason through it step-by-step remains a critical challenge in advancing artificial intelligence. However, existing reasoning benchmarks focus on text-only reasoning, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yulun Jiang , Yekun Chai , Maria Brbić , Michael Moor

Understanding multi-image, multi-turn scenarios is a critical yet underexplored capability for Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). Existing benchmarks predominantly focus on static or horizontal comparisons -- e.g., spotting visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Wenbo Lyu , Yingjun Du , Jinglin Zhao , Xianton Zhen , Ling Shao

While various multimodal multi-image evaluation datasets have been emerged, but these datasets are primarily based on English, and there has yet to be a Chinese multi-image dataset. To fill this gap, we introduce RealBench, the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Fei Zhao , Chengqiang Lu , Yufan Shen , Qimeng Wang , Yicheng Qian , Haoxin Zhang , Yan Gao , Yi Wu , Yao Hu , Zhen Wu , Shangyu Xing , Xinyu Dai

The advances of large foundation models necessitate wide-coverage, low-cost, and zero-contamination benchmarks. Despite continuous exploration of language model evaluations, comprehensive studies on the evaluation of Large Multi-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Kaichen Zhang , Bo Li , Peiyuan Zhang , Fanyi Pu , Joshua Adrian Cahyono , Kairui Hu , Shuai Liu , Yuanhan Zhang , Jingkang Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ziwei Liu

Geometric problem solving constitutes a critical branch of mathematical reasoning, requiring precise analysis of shapes and spatial relationships. Current evaluations of geometric reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs) face limitations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yuan Feng , Yue Yang , Xiaohan He , Jiatong Zhao , Jianlong Chen , Zijun Chen , Daocheng Fu , Qi Liu , Renqiu Xia , Bo Zhang , Junchi Yan

Learned representations of scientific documents can serve as valuable input features for downstream tasks without further fine-tuning. However, existing benchmarks for evaluating these representations fail to capture the diversity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Amanpreet Singh , Mike D'Arcy , Arman Cohan , Doug Downey , Sergey Feldman

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have significantly improved multimodal reasoning tasks, such as visual question answering and image captioning. These models embed multimodal facts within their parameters, rather than relying on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shengkang Wang , Hongzhan Lin , Ziyang Luo , Zhen Ye , Guang Chen , Jing Ma

Humans possess spatial reasoning abilities that enable them to understand spaces through multimodal observations, such as vision and sound. Large multimodal reasoning models extend these abilities by learning to perceive and reason, showing…

The capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate valid scientific hypotheses for materials synthesis remains largely unquantified, hindered by the absence of benchmarks probing physicochemical logics reasoning. To address this, we…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-01 Yingming Pu , Tao Lin , Hongyu Chen

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in visual understanding, they often struggle when faced with the unstructured and ambiguous nature of human-generated sketches. This limitation is particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yuhang Su , Mei Wang , Yaoyao Zhong , Guozhang Li , Shixing Li , Yihan Feng , Hua Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in assisting scientific research, yet their ability to discover high-quality research hypotheses remains unexamined due to the lack of a dedicated benchmark. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yujie Liu , Zonglin Yang , Tong Xie , Jinjie Ni , Ben Gao , Yuqiang Li , Shixiang Tang , Wanli Ouyang , Erik Cambria , Dongzhan Zhou