Related papers: But some are more equal than others
A universality conjecture of Farmer and Rhoades [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 357(9):3789--3811, 2005] and Farmer [Adv. Math., 411:Paper No. 108781, 14, 2022] asserts that, under some natural conditions, the roots of an entire function should…
The Rearrangement Conjecture states that if two words over $\mathbb{P}$ are Wilf-equivalent in the factor order on $\mathbb{P}^\ast$ then they are rearrangements of each other. We introduce the notion of strong Wilf-equivalence and prove…
Every set of points $\mathcal{P}$ determines $\Omega(|\mathcal{P}| / \log |\mathcal{P}|)$ distances. A close version of this was initially conjectured by Erd\H{o}s in 1946 and rather recently proved by Guth and Katz. We show that when near…
Given a collection $\mathcal L$ of $n$ points on a sphere $\mathbf{S}^2_n$ of surface area $n$, a fair allocation is a partition of the sphere into $n$ parts each of area $1$, and each associated with a distinct point of $\mathcal L$. We…
We study fair allocation of indivisible goods to agents with unequal entitlements. Fair allocation has been the subject of many studies in both divisible and indivisible settings. Our emphasis is on the case where the goods are indivisible…
How to distribute welfare in a society is a key issue in the subject of distributional justice, which is deeply involved with notions of fairness. Following a thought experiment by Dworkin, this work considers a society of individuals with…
The birthday paradox states that there is at least a 50% chance that some two out of twenty-three randomly chosen people will share the same birth date. The calculation for this problem assumes that all birth dates are equally likely. We…
We prove an easy but very weak version of Chernoff inequality. Namely, that the probability that in $6M$ throws of a fair coin, one gets at most $M$ heads is $\leq 1/2^M$.
It has often been said, correctly, that a monkey forever randomly typing on a keyboard would eventually produce the complete works of William Shakespeare. Almost just as often it has been pointed out that this "eventually" is well beyond…
A fair coin is flipped $n$ times, and two finite sequences of heads and tails (words) $A$ and $B$ of the same length are given. Each time the word $A$ appears in the sequence of coin flips, Alice gets a point, and each time the word $B$…
In 1953, Enrico Fermi criticized Dyson's model by quoting Johnny von Neumann: "With four parameters I can fit an elephant, and with five I can make him wiggle his trunk." So far, there have been several attempts to fit an elephant using…
It is shown that Marinatto's claim [Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 258901 (2003)] that the proof of "Bell's theorem without inequalities and without probabilities for two observers" [A. Cabello, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1911 (2001)] requires four…
In 1977 Pohst conjectured a certain inequality for $n$ variables and give a computer-assisted proof for $n\leq 10$. We give a proof for all $n$ using a combinatorial argument. This inequality yields a better bound for the regulator in terms…
In 1978, Allan.Wm.Johnson obtained an example of the representation of 1 by the sum of reciprocals of the product of two distinct prime numbers. His example has 48 terms [1], and we had no examples which have less than 48 terms until now.…
We study the following question dating back to J.E. Littlewood (1885-1977): Can two lions catch a man in a bounded area with rectifiable lakes? The lions and the man are all assumed to be points moving with at most unit speed. That the…
Discrete-time quantum walks are considered a counterpart of random walks and the study for them has been getting attention since around 2000. In this paper, we focus on a quantum walk which generates a probability distribution splitting to…
Stochastic diffusion equation, which attained prominence with Einstein's work on Brownian motion at the beginning of the twentieth century, was first formulated by Laplace a century earlier as part of his work on Central Limit Theorem.…
Personal income distribution in the USA has a well-defined two-class structure. The majority of population (97-99%) belongs to the lower class characterized by the exponential Boltzmann-Gibbs ("thermal") distribution, whereas the upper…
In 1914, Felix Hausdorff published an elegant proof that almost all numbers are simply normal in base 2. We generalize this proof to show that almost all numbers are normal. The result is arguably the most elementary proof for this theorem…
The famous result of B.~Schweizer and A.~Sklar [Pacific J Math 10(1960) 313--334 - Theorem 8.2] asserts that, given a probabilistic metric space $(X,\mathcal F,t)$, $\mathcal F=\{F_{p,q}:p,q\in X\}$, we have $F_{p_n,q_n}(x)\to F_{p,q}(x)$…