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In any known description of nature, two physical systems are considered independent of each other if any action on one of the systems does not change the other system. From our classical intuitions about the world, we further conclude that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-12 Shubhayan Sarkar

Bell's theorem is typically understood as the proof that quantum theory is incompatible with local-hidden-variable models. More generally, we can see the violation of a Bell inequality as witnessing the impossibility of explaining quantum…

A recent paper by two of us and co-workers, based on an extended Wigner's friend scenario, demonstrated that certain empirical correlations predicted by quantum theory (QT) violate inequalities derived from a set of metaphysical assumptions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Howard M. Wiseman , Eric G. Cavalcanti , Eleanor G. Rieffel

Quantum theory does not only predict probabilities, but also relative phases for any experiment, that involves measurements of an ensemble of systems at different moments of time. We argue, that any operational formulation of quantum theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Charis Anastopoulos

In this paper we consider theories in which reality is described by some underlying variables. Each value these variables can take represents an ontic state (a particular state of reality). The preparation of a quantum state corresponds to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Lucien Hardy

From a quantum information perspective, verifying quantum coherence in a quantum experiment typically requires adjusting measurement settings or changing inputs. A paradigmatic example is that of a double-slit experiment, where observing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Fatemeh Bibak , Flavio Del Santo , Borivoje Dakić

The results of local measurements on some composite quantum systems cannot be reproduced classically. This impossibility, known as quantum nonlocality, represents a milestone in the foundations of quantum theory. Quantum nonlocality is also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 D. Cavalcanti , M. L. Almeida , V. Scarani , A. Acin

Non-locality stands nowadays not only as one of the cornerstones of quantum theory, but also plays a crucial role in quantum information processing. Several experimental investigations of nonlocality have been carried out over the years. In…

Naive attempts to put together relativity and quantum measurements lead to signaling between space-like separated regions. In QFT, these are known as impossible measurements. We show that the same problem arises in non-relativistic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-28 Nicolas Gisin , Flavio Del Santo

It is shown that the basic equations of quantum theory can be obtained from a straightforward application of logical inference to experiments for which there is uncertainty about individual events and for which the frequencies of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-03 H. De Raedt , M. I. Katsnelson , K. Michielsen

In this paper I outline my propensiton version of quantum theory (PQT). PQT is a fully micro-realistic version of quantum theory that provides us with a very natural possible solution to the fundamental wave/particle problem, and is free of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2011-03-10 Nicholas Maxwell

After reviewing recently suggested operational "principles of the quantumness", I address the problem on whether Quantum Theory (QT) and Special Relativity (SR) are unrelated theories, or instead, if the one implies the other. I show how SR…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-09 Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano

Fundamental principle of classical physics -- local realism, means that freely chosen observations can be explained by a local (slower than light) real process. It is apparently violated in quantum mechanics as shown by Bell theorem.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-07 Adam Bednorz

Quantum experiments yield random data. We show that the most efficient way to store this empirical information by a finite number of bits is by means of the vector of square roots of observed relative frequencies. This vector has the unique…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Johann Summhammer

We review recent work that employs the framework of logical inference to establish a bridge between data gathered through experiments and their objective description in terms of human-made concepts. It is shown that logical inference…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-28 H. De Raedt , M. I. Katsnelson , K. Michielsen

Formulations of quantum mechanics can be characterized as realistic, operationalist, or a combination of the two. In this paper a realistic theory is defined as describing a closed system entirely by means of entities and concepts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 R Friedberg , P C Hohenberg

Quantum correlations, like entanglement, represent the characteristic trait of quantum mechanics, and pose essential issues and challenges to the interpretation of this pillar of modern physics. Although quantum correlations are largely…

Quantum theory has the property of "local tomography": the state of any composite system can be reconstructed from the statistics of measurements on the individual components. In this respect the holism of quantum theory is limited. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Lucien Hardy , William K. Wootters

Modern quantum engineering techniques enabled successful foundational tests of quantum mechanics. Yet, the universal validity of quantum postulates is an open question. Here we propose a new theoretical framework of Q-data tests, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Michał Eckstein , Paweł Horodecki

Quantum random number generators can provide genuine randomness by appealing to the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. In general, a physical generator contains two parts---a randomness source and its readout. The source is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-01 Zhu Cao , Hongyi Zhou , Xiao Yuan , Xiongfeng Ma