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Variational autoencoders (VAEs) typically encode images into a compact latent space, reducing computational cost but introducing an optimization dilemma: a higher-dimensional latent space improves reconstruction fidelity but often hampers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xunzhi Xiang , Xingye Tian , Guiyu Zhang , Yabo Chen , Shaofeng Zhang , Xuebo Wang , Xin Tao , Qi Fan

In this work, we propose aligning pretrained visual encoders to serve as tokenizers for latent diffusion models in image generation. Unlike training a variational autoencoder (VAE) from scratch, which primarily emphasizes low-level details,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Bowei Chen , Sai Bi , Hao Tan , He Zhang , Tianyuan Zhang , Zhengqi Li , Yuanjun Xiong , Jianming Zhang , Kai Zhang

Latent diffusion models have established a new state-of-the-art in high-resolution visual generation. Integrating Vision Foundation Model priors improves generative efficiency, yet existing latent designs remain largely heuristic. These…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Hangyu Liu , Jianyong Wang , Yutao Sun

Representation Autoencoders (RAEs) leverage frozen vision foundation models (VFMs) as tokenizer encoders, providing robust high-level representations that facilitate fast convergence and high-quality generation in latent diffusion models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Tianhang Wang , Yitong Chen , Wei Song , Zuxuan Wu , Min Li , Jiaqi Wang

Inspired by recent advances in diffusion models, which are reminiscent of denoising autoencoders, we investigate whether they can acquire discriminative representations for classification via generative pre-training. This paper shows that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Weilai Xiang , Hongyu Yang , Di Huang , Yunhong Wang

Generative modeling aims to generate new data samples that resemble a given dataset, with diffusion models recently becoming the most popular generative model. One of the main challenges of diffusion models is solving the problem in the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Wonjun Lee , Riley C. W. O'Neill , Dongmian Zou , Jeff Calder , Gilad Lerman

Representation autoencoders that reuse frozen pretrained vision encoders as visual tokenizers have achieved strong reconstruction and generation quality. However, existing methods universally extract features from only the last encoder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xuanyu Zhu , Yan Bai , Yang Shi , Yihang Lou , Yuanxing Zhang , Jing Jin , Yuan Zhou

Autoencoder (AE) is the key to the success of latent diffusion models for image and video generation, reducing the denoising resolution and improving efficiency. However, the power of AE has long been underexplored in terms of network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yushu Wu , Yanyu Li , Ivan Skorokhodov , Anil Kag , Willi Menapace , Sharath Girish , Aliaksandr Siarohin , Yanzhi Wang , Sergey Tulyakov

Diffusion autoencoders (DAEs) are typically formulated as a noise prediction model and trained with a linear-$\beta$ noise schedule that spends much of its sampling steps at high noise levels. Because high noise levels are associated with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Pramook Khungurn , Sukit Seripanitkarn , Phonphrm Thawatdamrongkit , Supasorn Suwajanakorn

Latent generative models have emerged as a leading approach for high-quality image synthesis. These models rely on an autoencoder to compress images into a latent space, followed by a generative model to learn the latent distribution. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Theodoros Kouzelis , Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Spyros Gidaris , Nikos Komodakis

We present Deep Compression Autoencoder (DC-AE), a new family of autoencoder models for accelerating high-resolution diffusion models. Existing autoencoder models have demonstrated impressive results at a moderate spatial compression ratio…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Junyu Chen , Han Cai , Junsong Chen , Enze Xie , Shang Yang , Haotian Tang , Muyang Li , Yao Lu , Song Han

Discrete autoregressive (AR) text-to-image (T2I) models pair a VQ tokenizer with an AR policy, and current post-training pipelines optimize only the policy while keeping the VQ decoder frozen. Recent diffusion T2I work, exemplified by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Siyong Jian , Siyuan Li , Luyuan Zhang , Zedong Wang , Xin Jin , Ying Li , Cheng Tan , Huan Wang

Tokenizing images into compact visual representations is a key step in learning efficient and high-quality image generative models. We present a simple diffusion tokenizer (DiTo) that learns compact visual representations for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Yinbo Chen , Rohit Girdhar , Xiaolong Wang , Sai Saketh Rambhatla , Ishan Misra

Diffusion-based representation learning has achieved substantial attention due to its promising capabilities in latent representation and sample generation. Recent studies have employed an auxiliary encoder to identify a corresponding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yeongmin Kim , Kwanghyeon Lee , Minsang Park , Byeonghu Na , Il-Chul Moon

This study presents Latent Diffusion Autoencoder (LDAE), a novel encoder-decoder diffusion-based framework for efficient and meaningful unsupervised learning in medical imaging, focusing on Alzheimer disease (AD) using brain MR from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Gabriele Lozupone , Alessandro Bria , Francesco Fontanella , Frederick J. A. Meijer , Claudio De Stefano , Henkjan Huisman

Vector Quantized-Variational AutoEncoders (VQ-VAE) are generative models based on discrete latent representations of the data, where inputs are mapped to a finite set of learned embeddings.To generate new samples, an autoregressive prior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-04 Max Cohen , Guillaume Quispe , Sylvain Le Corff , Charles Ollion , Eric Moulines

Recent advances in diffusion models have enabled high-quality image generation, leading to increasing demand for post-generation editing that modifies local regions while preserving global structure. Achieving such flexible and precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Hanyi Wang , Han Fang , Zheng Wang , Shilin Wang , Ee-Chien Chang

Since the advent of popular visual generation frameworks like VQGAN and latent diffusion models, state-of-the-art image generation systems have generally been two-stage systems that first tokenize or compress visual data into a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Kyle Sargent , Kyle Hsu , Justin Johnson , Li Fei-Fei , Jiajun Wu

Diffusion models have attained impressive visual quality for image synthesis. However, how to interpret and manipulate the latent space of diffusion models has not been extensively explored. Prior work diffusion autoencoders encode the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Zeyu Lu , Chengyue Wu , Xinyuan Chen , Yaohui Wang , Lei Bai , Yu Qiao , Xihui Liu

Existing video tokenizers typically use the traditional Variational Autoencoder (VAE) architecture for video compression and reconstruction. However, to achieve good performance, its training process often relies on complex multi-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Nianzu Yang , Pandeng Li , Liming Zhao , Yang Li , Chen-Wei Xie , Yehui Tang , Xudong Lu , Zhihang Liu , Yun Zheng , Yu Liu , Junchi Yan