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Spectral features are widely incorporated within Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to improve their expressive power, or their ability to distinguish among non-isomorphic graphs. One popular example is the usage of graph Laplacian eigenvectors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Snir Hordan , Maya Bechler-Speicher , Gur Lifshitz , Nadav Dym

Spectral Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with various graph filters have received extensive affirmation due to their promising performance in graph learning problems. However, it is known that GNNs do not always perform well. Although graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Zhixian Chen , Tengfei Ma , Yang Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in various graph-based learning tasks. While their performance is often attributed to the powerful neighborhood aggregation mechanism, recent studies suggest that other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yushun Dong , Patrick Soga , Yinhan He , Song Wang , Jundong Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are commonly divided into message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) and spectral graph neural networks, reflecting two largely separate research traditions in machine learning and signal processing. This paper…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have attracted considerable attention from the research community. It is well established that GNNs are usually roughly divided into spatial and spectral methods. Despite that spectral GNNs play an important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Deyu Bo , Xiao Wang , Yang Liu , Yuan Fang , Yawen Li , Chuan Shi

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are the subject of intense focus by the machine learning community for problems involving relational reasoning. GNNs can be broadly divided into spatial and spectral approaches. Spatial approaches use a form of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-05 Kimberly Stachenfeld , Jonathan Godwin , Peter Battaglia

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown remarkable performance on homophilic graph data while being far less impressive when handling non-homophilic graph data due to the inherent low-pass filtering property of GNNs. In general, since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Shuai Zheng , Zhenfeng Zhu , Zhizhe Liu , Youru Li , Yao Zhao

Spectral graph neural networks (GNNs) learn graph representations via spectral-domain graph convolutions. However, most existing spectral graph filters are scalar-to-scalar functions, i.e., mapping a single eigenvalue to a single filtered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Deyu Bo , Chuan Shi , Lele Wang , Renjie Liao

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) play a pivotal role in graph-based tasks for their proficiency in representation learning. Among the various GNN methods, spectral GNNs employing polynomial filters have shown promising performance on tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Haipeng Ding , Zhewei Wei , Yuhang Ye

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown great prowess in learning representations suitable for numerous graph-based machine learning tasks. When applied to semi-supervised node classification, GNNs are widely believed to work well due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Yao Ma , Xiaorui Liu , Neil Shah , Jiliang Tang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) extend basic Neural Networks (NNs) by additionally making use of graph structure based on the relational inductive bias (edge bias), rather than treating the nodes as collections of independent and identically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Sitao Luan , Chenqing Hua , Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Xiao-Wen Chang , Doina Precup

With recent advancements in graph neural networks (GNNs), spectral GNNs have received increasing popularity by virtue of their ability to retrieve graph signals in the spectral domain. These models feature uniqueness in efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Ningyi Liao , Haoyu Liu , Zulun Zhu , Siqiang Luo , Laks V. S. Lakshmanan

Spectral Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), alternatively known as graph filters, have gained increasing prevalence for heterophily graphs. Optimal graph filters rely on Laplacian eigendecomposition for Fourier transform. In an attempt to avert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Keke Huang , Yu Guang Wang , Ming Li , and Pietro Liò

Spectral Graph Neural Network is a kind of Graph Neural Network (GNN) based on graph signal filters. Some models able to learn arbitrary spectral filters have emerged recently. However, few works analyze the expressive power of spectral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Xiyuan Wang , Muhan Zhang

Graph convolutional networks(GCNs) have become the most popular approaches for graph data in these days because of their powerful ability to extract features from graph. GCNs approaches are divided into two categories, spectral-based and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Yi Ma , Jianye Hao , Yaodong Yang , Han Li , Junqi Jin , Guangyong Chen

Graph neural networks (GNNs) hold the promise of learning efficient representations of graph-structured data, and one of its most important applications is semi-supervised node classification. However, in this application, GNN frameworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Jiaqi Sun , Lin Zhang , Shenglin Zhao , Yujiu Yang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) achieve strong performance on graph learning tasks, but training on large-scale networks remains computationally challenging. Transferability results show that GNNs with fixed weights can generalize from smaller…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Haoyu Wang , Renyuan Ma , Gonzalo Mateos , Luana Ruiz

In this work we propose a random graph model that can produce graphs at different levels of sparsity. We analyze how sparsity affects the graph spectra, and thus the performance of graph neural networks (GNNs) in node classification on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Luana Ruiz , Ningyuan Huang , Soledad Villar

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have gained traction over the past few years for their superior performance in numerous machine learning tasks. Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (GCN) are a common variant of GNNs that are known to have high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Sannat Singh Bhasin , Vaibhav Holani , Divij Sanjanwala

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) and its variants are designed for unsigned graphs containing only positive links. Many existing GCNs have been derived from the spectral domain analysis of signals lying over (unsigned) graphs and in each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Rahul Singh , Yongxin Chen
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