Related papers: Man and machine: artificial intelligence and judic…
Recent advancements in AI technology have seen researchers and industry professionals actively exploring the application of AI tools in legal workflows. Despite this prevailing trend, legal practitioners found that AI tools had limited…
From massive face-recognition-based surveillance and machine-learning-based decision systems predicting crime recidivism rates, to the move towards automated health diagnostic systems, artificial intelligence (AI) is being used in scenarios…
Artificial intelligence risks are multidimensional in nature, as the same risk scenarios may have legal, operational, and financial risk dimensions. With the emergence of new AI regulations, the state of the art of artificial intelligence…
In this paper we discuss the implications of using machine learning for judicial decision-making in situations where human rights may be infringed. We argue that the use of such tools in these situations should be limited due to inherent…
Globally, artificial intelligence (AI) implementation is growing, holding the capability to fundamentally alter organisational processes and decision making. Simultaneously, this brings a multitude of emergent risks to organisations,…
Fairness is a growing concern for high-risk decision-making using Artificial Intelligence (AI) but ensuring it through purely technical means is challenging: there is no universally accepted fairness measure, fairness is context-dependent,…
In the current era, people and society have grown increasingly reliant on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. AI has the potential to drive us towards a future in which all of humanity flourishes. It also comes with substantial risks…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing in healthcare, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of services across various specialties, including cardiology, ophthalmology, dermatology, emergency medicine, etc. AI applications…
The advent of machine learning techniques has made it possible to obtain predictive systems that have overturned traditional legal practices. However, rather than leading to systems seeking to replace humans, the search for the determinants…
Peer review remains the central quality-control mechanism of science, yet its ability to fulfill this role is increasingly strained. Empirical studies document serious shortcomings: long publication delays, escalating reviewer burden…
There is an increasing interest in the entwining of the field of antitrust with the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), frequently referred to jointly as Antitrust and AI (AAI) in the research literature. This study focuses on the…
Artificial Intelligence began as a field probing some of the most fundamental questions of science - the nature of intelligence and the design of intelligent artifacts. But it has grown into a discipline that is deeply entwined with…
AI systems are being deployed to support human decision making in high-stakes domains. In many cases, the human and AI form a team, in which the human makes decisions after reviewing the AI's inferences. A successful partnership requires…
As algorithms are increasingly used to make important decisions that affect human lives, ranging from social benefit assignment to predicting risk of criminal recidivism, concerns have been raised about the fairness of algorithmic decision…
People are known to judge artificial intelligence using a utilitarian moral philosophy and humans using a moral philosophy emphasizing perceived intentions. But why do people judge humans and machines differently? Psychology suggests that…
Human error remains a dominant risk driver in safety-critical sectors such as nuclear power, aviation, and healthcare, where seemingly minor mistakes can cascade into catastrophic outcomes. Although decades of research have produced a rich…
The use of artificial intelligence models has recently grown common; we may use them to write lines of code for us, summarize readings, draft emails, or even illustrate images. But when it comes to important decisions we need to make, such…
What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) have to contribute to health care? And what should we be looking out for if we are worried about its risks? In this paper we offer a survey, and initial evaluation, of hopes and fears about the…
From its inception, AI has had a rather ambivalent relationship to humans---swinging between their augmentation and replacement. Now, as AI technologies enter our everyday lives at an ever increasing pace, there is a greater need for AI…
Current AI systems minimize risk by enforcing ideological neutrality, yet this may introduce automation bias by suppressing cognitive engagement in human decision-making. We conducted randomized trials with 2,500 participants to test…