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This paper studies the locally uniform exponential growth and product set growth for a finitely generated group $G$ acting properly on a finite product of hyperbolic spaces. Under the assumption of coarsely dense orbits or shadowing…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Renxing Wan , Wenyuan Yang

Many complex networks exhibit hierarchical, tree-like structures, making hyperbolic space a natural candidate wherein to learn representations of them. Based on this observation, Hyperbolic Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs) have been widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Dionisia Naddeo , Jonas Linkerhägner , Nicola Toschi , Geri Skenderi , Veronica Lachi

Diffusion generative models (DMs) have achieved promising results in image and graph generation. However, real-world graphs, such as social networks, molecular graphs, and traffic graphs, generally share non-Euclidean topologies and hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Lingfeng Wen , Xuan Tang , Mingjie Ouyang , Xiangxiang Shen , Jian Yang , Daxin Zhu , Mingsong Chen , Xian Wei

A graph $G$ is \emph{unstable} if its canonical double cover CDC$(G)$ has more automorphisms than Aut$(G)\times \mathbb{Z}_2$. A related problem asks when two non-isomorphic graphs share the same CDC. We unify both via \emph{lifting} and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Russell Mizzi

Hyperbolic random graphs (HRG) and geometric inhomogeneous random graphs (GIRG) are two similar generative network models that were designed to resemble complex real world networks. In particular, they have a power-law degree distribution…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-26 Thomas Bläsius , Tobias Friedrich , Maximilian Katzmann , Ulrich Meyer , Manuel Penschuck , Christopher Weyand

Strict outerconfluent drawing is a style of graph drawing in which vertices are drawn on the boundary of a disk, adjacencies are indicated by the existence of smooth curves through a system of tracks within the disk, and no two adjacent…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-11 David Eppstein

Hyperbolicity is a property of a graph that may be viewed as being a "soft" version of a tree, and recent empirical and theoretical work has suggested that many graphs arising in Internet and related data applications have hyperbolic…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-09-17 Wei Chen , Wenjie Fang , Guangda Hu , Michael W. Mahoney

The notions of bounded-size and quasibounded-size decompositions with bounded treedepth base classes are central to the structural theory of graph sparsity introduced by two of the authors years ago, and provide a characterization of both…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Samuel Braunfeld , Jaroslav Nešetřil , Patrice Ossona de Mendez , Sebastian Siebertz

It has been known since 1991 that the problem of recognizing grid intersection graphs is NP-complete. Here we use a modified argument of the above result to show that even if we restrict to the class of unit grid intersection graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Irina Mustaţă , Martin Pergel

In a quest to thoroughly understand the first-order transduction hierarchy of hereditary graph classes, some questions in particular stand out; such as, what properties hold for graph classes that are first-order transductions of planar…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Petr Hliněný , Jan Jedelský

The emerging possibilities to steer and control electronic motion on subcycle time scales with strong electric fields enable studying the nonperturbative optical response and Bloch bands' topological properties, originated from Berry's…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-01-12 Hamed Koochaki Kelardeh

Many geometric structures associated to surface groups can be encoded in terms of invariant cross ratios on their circle at infinity; examples include points of Teichm\"uller space, Hitchin representations and geodesic currents. We add to…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Jonas Beyrer , Elia Fioravanti

The introduction of geometry has proven instrumental in the efforts towards more realistic models for real-world networks. In Geometric Inhomogeneous Random Graphs (GIRGs), Euclidean Geometry induces clustering of the vertices, which is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Marc Kaufmann , Raghu Raman Ravi , Ulysse Schaller

Graph product structure theory expresses certain graphs as subgraphs of the strong product of much simpler graphs. In particular, an elegant formulation for the corresponding structural theorems involves the strong product of a path and of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Michael A. Bekos , Giordano Da Lozzo , Petr Hliněný , Michael Kaufmann

A homeomorphically irreducible spanning tree (HIST) is a spanning tree with no degree-2 vertices, serving as a structurally minimal backbone of a graph. While the existence of HISTs has been widely studied from a structural perspective, the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Tesshu Hanaka , Hironori Kiya , Hirotaka Ono

This work addresses a modification of the random geometric graph (RGG) model by considering a set of points uniformly and independently distributed on the surface of a $(d-1)$-sphere with radius $r$ in a $d-$dimensional Euclidean space,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-10-03 Alfonso Allen-Perkins

For $p,q\ge2$ the $\{p,q\}$-tiling graph is the (finite or infinite) planar graph $T_{p,q}$ where all faces are cycles of length $p$ and all vertices have degree $q$. We give algorithms for the problem of recognizing (induced) subgraphs of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Eliel Ingervo , Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak

Hyperbolic neural networks can effectively capture the inherent hierarchy of graph datasets, and consequently a powerful choice of GNNs. However, they entangle multiple incongruent (gyro-)vector spaces within a layer, which makes them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Mehrdad Khatir , Nurendra Choudhary , Sutanay Choudhury , Khushbu Agarwal , Chandan K. Reddy

Most previous heterogeneous graph embedding models represent elements in a heterogeneous graph as vector representations in a low-dimensional Euclidean space. However, because heterogeneous graphs inherently possess complex structures, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jongmin Park , Seunghoon Han , Soohwan Jeong , Sungsu Lim

Rigidity, arising in discrete geometry, is the property of a structure that does not flex. Laman provides a combinatorial characterization of rigid graphs in the Euclidean plane, and thus rigid graphs in the Euclidean plane have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-14 Xiaofeng Gu