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Generative modelling paradigms based on denoising diffusion processes have emerged as a leading candidate for conditional sampling in inverse problems. In many real-world applications, we often have access to large, expensively trained…

Diffusion models have proven to be highly effective in generating high-quality images. However, adapting large pre-trained diffusion models to new domains remains an open challenge, which is critical for real-world applications. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Enze Xie , Lewei Yao , Han Shi , Zhili Liu , Daquan Zhou , Zhaoqiang Liu , Jiawei Li , Zhenguo Li

In this study, we propose Shortcut Fine-Tuning (SFT), a new approach for addressing the challenge of fast sampling of pretrained Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs). SFT advocates for the fine-tuning of DDPM samplers through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Ying Fan , Kangwook Lee

Representation Fine-tuning (ReFT), a recently proposed Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) method, has attracted widespread attention for significantly improving parameter efficiency by editing representation space alone. In this work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Chenxi Huang , Shaotian Yan , Liang Xie , Binbin Lin , Sinan Fan , Yue Xin , Deng Cai , Chen Shen , Jieping Ye

Although supervised finetuning (SFT) has emerged as an essential technique to align large language models with humans, it is considered superficial, with style learning being its nature. At the same time, recent works indicate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ming Shen

In recent years, motion generative models have undergone significant advancement, yet pose challenges in aligning with downstream objectives. Recent studies have shown that using differentiable rewards to directly align the preference of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xiaofeng Tan , Wanjiang Weng , Haodong Lei , Hongsong Wang

Backpropagation-based approaches aim to align diffusion models with reward functions through end-to-end backpropagation of the reward gradient within the denoising chain, offering a promising perspective. However, due to the computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Xiefan Guo , Miaomiao Cui , Liefeng Bo , Di Huang

Recent advances in diffusion models have led to impressive image generation capabilities, but aligning these models with human preferences remains challenging. Reward-based fine-tuning using models trained on human feedback improves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Dmitrii Sorokin , Maksim Nakhodnov , Andrey Kuznetsov , Aibek Alanov

Diffusion-based planners have emerged as a promising approach for human-like trajectory generation in autonomous driving. Recent works incorporate reinforcement fine-tuning to enhance the robustness of diffusion planners through…

Diffusion models are widely used for generative tasks across domains. Given a pre-trained diffusion model, it is often desirable to fine-tune it further either to correct for errors in learning or to align with downstream applications.…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in diverse natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The LLMs generally undergo supervised fine-tuning (SFT) followed by preference alignment to be usable in downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Shiva Kumar Pentyala , Zhichao Wang , Bin Bi , Kiran Ramnath , Xiang-Bo Mao , Regunathan Radhakrishnan , Sitaram Asur , Na , Cheng

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable success in various visual generation tasks, including image, video, and 3D content generation. Preference optimization (PO) is a prominent and growing area of research that aims to align these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Fu-Yun Wang , Keqiang Sun , Yao Teng , Xihui Liu , Jiale Yuan , Jiaming Song , Hongsheng Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have been used recently to align diffusion models with downstream objectives such as aesthetic quality and text-image consistency by fine-tuning them to maximize a single reward function under a fixed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Min Cheng , Fatemeh Doudi , Dileep Kalathil , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Panganamala R. Kumar

Video diffusion alignment has been heavily relied on scalar rewards. These rewards are typically derived from learned reward models in human preference datasets, requiring additional training and extensive collection. Moreover, scalar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yifan Wang , Yanyu Li , Gordon Guocheng Qian , Sergey Tulyakov , Yun Fu , Anil Kag

The class-conditional image generation based on diffusion models is renowned for generating high-quality and diverse images. However, most prior efforts focus on generating images for general categories, e.g., 1000 classes in ImageNet-1k. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Ziying Pan , Kun Wang , Gang Li , Feihong He , Yongxuan Lai

We propose Diffusion-Sharpening, a fine-tuning approach that enhances downstream alignment by optimizing sampling trajectories. Existing RL-based fine-tuning methods focus on single training timesteps and neglect trajectory-level alignment,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ye Tian , Ling Yang , Xinchen Zhang , Yunhai Tong , Mengdi Wang , Bin Cui

While Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Rejection Sampling Fine-Tuning (RFT) are standard for LLM alignment, they either rely on costly expert data or discard valuable negative samples, leading to data inefficiency. To address this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zehua Liu , Shuqi Liu , Tao Zhong , Mingxuan Yuan

Fine-tuning Diffusion Models remains an underexplored frontier in generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), especially when compared with the remarkable progress made in fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs). While cutting-edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Huizhuo Yuan , Zixiang Chen , Kaixuan Ji , Quanquan Gu

Diffusion models and flow matching have demonstrated remarkable success in text-to-image generation. While many existing alignment methods primarily focus on fine-tuning pre-trained generative models to maximize a given reward function,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Yidong Ouyang , Liyan Xie , Hongyuan Zha , Guang Cheng

This paper proposes a novel approach to address the challenge that pretrained VLA models often fail to effectively improve performance and reduce adaptation costs during standard supervised finetuning (SFT). Some advanced finetuning methods…