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We prove a.e. convergence of continuous-time quadratic averages with respect to two commuting $\mathbb{R}$-actions, coming from a single jointly measurable measure-preserving $\mathbb{R}^2$-action on a probability space. The key ingredient…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-07-05 Michael Christ , Polona Durcik , Vjekoslav Kovač , Joris Roos

Research during the last one decade or so suggests that the gravitational field equations in a large class of theories (including, but not limited to, general relativity) have the same status as the equations of, say, gas dynamics or…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-23 T. Padmanabhan

This paper gathers together different conditions which are all equivalent to geometric ergodicity of time-homogeneous Markov chains on general state spaces. A total of 34 different conditions are presented (27 for general chains plus 7 just…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-06 M. A. Gallegos-Herrada , D. Ledvinka , J. S. Rosenthal

Given a convergence theorem in analysis, under very general conditions a model-theoretic compactness argument implies that there is a uniform bound on the rate of metastability. We illustrate with three examples from ergodic theory.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-10-17 Jeremy Avigad , José Iovino

In this paper we introduce and explore the notion of rigidity group, associated with a collection of finitely many sequences, and show that this concept has many, somewhat surprising characterizations of algebraic, spectral, and unitary…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Rigoberto Zelada

Non-ergodicity impacts statistical inference in a diverse range of disciplines inside and outside of physics. However the concept of ergodicity is used inconsistently, and may refer to several nonequivalent notions. To help address this, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-03-05 Nicolas Underwood , Fabien Paillusson

We strengthen the maximal ergodic theorem for actions of groups of polynomial growth to a form involving jump quantity, which is the sharpest result among the family of variational or maximal ergodic theorems. As a consequence, we deduce in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Guixiang Hong , Wei Liu

From a dynamical viewpoint, basic phase transitions of statistical mechanics can be regarded as a breaking of ergodicity. While many random models exhibiting such transitions at the thermodynamics limit exist, finite-dimensional examples…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-09-25 Bastien Fernandez

We prove pointwise convergence, as $N\to \infty$, for the multiple ergodic averages $\frac{1}{N}\sum_{n=1}^N f(T^nx)\cdot g(S^{a_n}x)$, where $T$ and $S$ are commuting measure preserving transformations, and $a_n$ is a random version of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2011-04-19 Nikos Frantzikinakis , Emmanuel Lesigne , Mate Wierdl

We introduce a new class of sparse sequences that are ergodic and pointwise universally $L^2$-good for ergodic averages. That is, sequences along which the ergodic averages converge almost surely to the projection to invariant functions.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-08-27 Sebastián Donoso , Alejandro Maass , Vicente Saavedra-Araya

We show the $L^2$-convergence of continuous time ergodic averages of a product of functions evaluated at return times along polynomials. These averages are the continuous time version of the averages appearing in Furstenberg's proof of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-09-30 Amanda Potts

Time series often exhibit non-ergodic behaviour that complicates forecasting and inference. This article proposes a likelihood-based approach for estimating ergodicity transformations that addresses such challenges. The method is broadly…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-19 Anthony Britto

Ergodicity, the central tenet of statistical mechanics, requires that an isolated system will explore all of its available phase space permitted by energetic and symmetry constraints. Mechanisms for violating ergodicity are of great…

We initiate the study of effective pointwise ergodic theorems in resource-bounded settings. Classically, the convergence of the ergodic averages for integrable functions can be arbitrarily slow. In contrast, we show that for a class of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Satyadev Nandakumar , Subin Pulari

Hyperbolic cross approximation is a special type of multivariate approximation. Recently, driven by applications in engineering, biology, medicine and other areas of science new challenging problems have appeared. The common feature of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-24 Dinh Dũng , Vladimir N. Temlyakov , Tino Ullrich

For a Dunford-Schwartz operator in the $L^p-$space, $1\leq p< \infty$ , of an arbitrary measure space, we prove pointwise convergence of the conventional and Besicovitch weighted ergodic averages. Pointwise convergence of various types of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-09-21 Vladimir Chilin , Dogan Comez , Semyon Litvinov

The nature of diffusion is usually studied for particles or time-evolving systems. Similar in principle, such studies can be conducted by tracking how a given function of observable properties evolves over time-akin to the evolution of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-10 M. Süzen

Rotation averaging is a synchronization process on single or multiple rotation groups, and is a fundamental problem in many computer vision tasks such as multi-view structure from motion (SfM). Specifically, rotation averaging involves the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Xinyi Li , Haibin Ling

In this expository paper, we survey nowadays classical tools or criteria used in problems of convergence everywhere to build counterexamples: the Stein continuity principle, Bourgain's entropy criteria and Kakutani-Rochlin lemma, most…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-07-20 Michel Weber

Consider a class of skew product transformations consisting of an ergodic or a periodic transformation on a probability space (M, B, m) in the base and a semigroup of transformations on another probability space (W,F,P) in the fibre. Under…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-10-08 Julia Brettschneider