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HADES is a fully automated verification tool for pipeline-based microprocessors that aims at flaws caused by improperly handled data hazards. It focuses on single-pipeline microprocessors designed at the register transfer level (RTL) and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-12-16 Lukáš Charvát , Aleš Smrčka , Tomáš Vojnar

Scam detection remains a critical challenge in cybersecurity as adversaries craft messages that evade automated filters. We propose a Hierarchical Scam Detection System (HSDS) that combines a lightweight multi-model voting front end with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Chen-Wei Chang , Shailik Sarkar , Hossein Salemi , Hyungmin Kim , Shutonu Mitra , Hemant Purohit , Fengxiu Zhang , Michin Hong , Jin-Hee Cho , Chang-Tien Lu

Software-exploitable Hardware Trojans (HTs) enable attackers to execute unauthorized software or gain illicit access to privileged operations. This manuscript introduces a hardware-based methodology for detecting runtime HT activations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Alessandro Palumbo , Ruben Salvador

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential with code generation/completion tasks for hardware design. In fact, LLM-based hardware description language (HDL) code generation has enabled the industry to realize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Lakshmi Likhitha Mankali , Jitendra Bhandari , Manaar Alam , Ramesh Karri , Michail Maniatakos , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Johann Knechtel

High-Level Synthesis (HLS) frameworks allow to easily specify a large number of variants of the same hardware design by only acting on optimization directives. Nonetheless, the hardware synthesis of implementations for all possible…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Lorenzo Ferretti , Jihye Kwon , Giovanni Ansaloni , Giuseppe Di Guglielmo , Luca Carloni , Laura Pozzi

High-level synthesis (HLS) accelerates hardware design by enabling the automatic translation of high-level descriptions into efficient hardware implementations. However, debugging HLS code is a challenging and labor-intensive task,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Jing Wang , Shang Liu , Yao Lu , Zhiyao Xie

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks, yet their application in hardware security verification remains limited due to scarcity of publicly available hardware description…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Touseef Hasan , Blessing Airehenbuwa , Nitin Pundir , Souvika Sarkar , Ujjwal Guin

Functional languages as input specifications for High-Level Synthesis (HLS) tools allow to specify data dependencies but do not contain a notion of time nor execution order. In this paper, we propose a method to add this notion to the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Hendrik Folmer , Robert de Groote , Marco Bekooij

The design of Systems on Chips (SoCs) is becoming more and more complex due to technological advancements. Missed bugs can cause drastic failures in safety-critical environments leading to the endangerment of lives. To overcome these…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Bryan Olmos , Daniel Gerl , Aman Kumar , Djones Lettnin

High-Level Synthesis (HLS) plays a crucial role in modern hardware design by transforming high-level code into optimized hardware implementations. However, progress in applying machine learning (ML) to HLS optimization has been hindered by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zedong Peng , Zeju Li , Mingzhe Gao , Qiang Xu , Chen Zhang , Jieru Zhao

Ensuring the security of modern System-on-Chip (SoC) designs poses significant challenges due to increasing complexity and distributed assets across the intellectual property (IP) blocks. Formal property verification (FPV) provides the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Dinesh Reddy Ankireddy , Sudipta Paria , Aritra Dasgupta , Sandip Ray , Swarup Bhunia

Side-channel attacks extracting sensitive data from implementations have been considered a major threat to the security of cryptographic schemes. This has elevated the need for improved designs by embodying countermeasures, with masking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Ana Covic , Fatemeh Ganji , Domenic Forte

SystemVerilog Assertions (SVAs) are crucial for hardware verification. Recent studies leverage general-purpose LLMs to translate natural language properties to SVAs (NL2SVA), but they perform poorly due to limited data. We propose a data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yutong Wu , Chenrui Cao , Pengwei Jin , Di Huang , Rui Zhang , Xishan Zhang , Zidong Du , Qi Guo , Xing Hu

Recent years have witnessed the growing popularity of domain-specific accelerators (DSAs), such as Google's TPUs, for accelerating various applications such as deep learning, search, autonomous driving, etc. To facilitate DSA designs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Yunsheng Bai , Atefeh Sohrabizadeh , Zongyue Qin , Ziniu Hu , Yizhou Sun , Jason Cong

Machine learning (ML) techniques have been applied to high-level synthesis (HLS) flows for quality-of-result (QoR) prediction and design space exploration (DSE). Nevertheless, the scarcity of accessible high-quality HLS datasets and the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Stefan Abi-Karam , Rishov Sarkar , Allison Seigler , Sean Lowe , Zhigang Wei , Hanqiu Chen , Nanditha Rao , Lizy John , Aman Arora , Cong Hao

High-level synthesis (HLS) is a key component for the hardware acceleration of applications, especially thanks to the diffusion of reconfigurable devices in many domains, from data centers to edge devices. HLS reduces development times by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Christian Pilato , Francesco Regazzoni

High-Level Synthesis (HLS) improves IC development productivity by enabling hardware design from C-like languages. However, strict coding constraints and design-specific optimizations limit its widespread adoption. While recent efforts…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Runkai Li , Jia Xiong , Xiuyuan He , Jieru Zhao , Jiaqi Lv , Haowen Fang , Lei Qi , Xi Wang

High-level synthesis (HLS) has enabled the rapid development of custom hardware circuits for many software applications. However, developing high-performance hardware circuits using HLS is still a non-trivial task requiring expertise in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Suhail Basalama , Jason Cong

The convergence of information and operational technology networks has created previously unforeseen security issues. To address these issues, both researchers and practitioners have integrated threat intelligence methods into the security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jacob Williams , Matthew Edwards , Joseph Gardiner

The ever-growing popularity of large language models (LLMs) has resulted in their increasing adoption for hardware design and verification. Prior research has attempted to assess the capability of LLMs to automate digital hardware design by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Sneha Swaroopa , Rijoy Mukherjee , Anushka Debnath , Rajat Subhra Chakraborty