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This paper analyzes Large Language Models (LLMs) with regard to their programming exercise generation capabilities. Through a survey study, we defined the state of the art, extracted their strengths and weaknesses and finally proposed an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Eduard Frankford , Ingo Höhn , Clemens Sauerwein , Ruth Breu

Although large language models (LLMs) show promise in solving complex mathematical tasks, existing evaluation paradigms rely solely on a coarse measure of overall answer accuracy, which are insufficient for assessing their authentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jiayu Liu , Zhenya Huang , Wei Dai , Cheng Cheng , Jinze Wu , Jing Sha , Song Li , Qi Liu , Shijin Wang , Enhong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code, but can they generate fast code for complex, real-world software systems? In this study, we investigate this question using a dataset of 65 tasks mined from performance-critical open-source…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Lirong Yi , Gregory Gay , Philipp Leitner

Aerospace manufacturing demands exceptionally high precision in technical parameters. The remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT-4 and QWen, in Natural Language Processing has sparked industry interest in their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Beiming Liu , Zhizhuo Cui , Siteng Hu , Xiaohua Li , Haifeng Lin , Zhengxin Zhang

Mathematical reasoning is a hallmark of human intelligence, and whether large language models (LLMs) can meaningfully perform it remains a central question in artificial intelligence and cognitive science. As LLMs are increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Linyang He , Qiyao Yu , Hanze Dong , Baohao Liao , Xinxing Xu , Micah Goldblum , Jiang Bian , Nima Mesgarani

Numerous studies have assessed the proficiency of AI systems, particularly large language models (LLMs), in facilitating everyday tasks such as email writing, question answering, and creative content generation. However, researchers face…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are promising analytical tools. They can augment human epistemic, cognitive and reasoning abilities, and support 'sensemaking', making sense of a complex environment or subject by analysing large volumes of data…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Awais Hameed Khan , Hiruni Kegalle , Rhea D'Silva , Ned Watt , Daniel Whelan-Shamy , Lida Ghahremanlou , Liam Magee

Logical reasoning consistently plays a fundamental and significant role in the domains of knowledge engineering and artificial intelligence. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a noteworthy innovation in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Fangzhi Xu , Qika Lin , Jiawei Han , Tianzhe Zhao , Jun Liu , Erik Cambria

Critical thinking is essential for rational decision-making and problem-solving. This skill hinges on the ability to provide precise and reasoned critiques and is a hallmark of human intelligence. In the era of large language models (LLMs),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Liangchen Luo , Zi Lin , Yinxiao Liu , Lei Shu , Yun Zhu , Jingbo Shang , Lei Meng

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in linguistic tasks, necessitating robust evaluation frameworks to understand their capabilities and limitations. Inspired by Feynman's principle of understanding through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Zhiquan Tan , Lai Wei , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie , Weiran Huang

The recent performance leap of Large Language Models (LLMs) opens up new opportunities across numerous industrial applications and domains. However, erroneous generations, such as false predictions, misinformation, and hallucination made by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yuheng Huang , Jiayang Song , Zhijie Wang , Shengming Zhao , Huaming Chen , Felix Juefei-Xu , Lei Ma

Examining limitations is a crucial step in the scholarly research reviewing process, revealing aspects where a study might lack decisiveness or require enhancement. This aids readers in considering broader implications for further research.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Abdur Rahman Bin Md Faizullah , Ashok Urlana , Rahul Mishra

People commonly leverage structured content to accelerate knowledge acquisition and research problem solving. Among these, roadmaps guide researchers through hierarchical subtasks to solve complex research problems step by step. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jiacheng Liu , Zichen Tang , Zhongjun Yang , Xinyi Hu , Xueyuan Lin , Linwei Jia , Ruofei Bai , Rongjin Li , Shiyao Peng , Haocheng Gao , Haihong E

Mathematical reasoning is essential for problem-solving in education, science, and industry, serving as a crucial benchmark for evaluating artificial intelligence systems. As Large Language Models (LLMs) improve their reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Husnain Amjad , Raja Khurram Shahzad , Aamir Shahzad , Mehwish Fatima

Developing questions that are pedagogically sound, relevant, and promote learning is a challenging and time-consuming task for educators. Modern-day large language models (LLMs) generate high-quality content across multiple domains,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Nicy Scaria , Suma Dharani Chenna , Deepak Subramani

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential across numerous applications and have shown an emergent ability to tackle complex reasoning tasks, such as mathematical computations. However, even for the simplest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Wei Zhang , Chaoqun Wan , Yonggang Zhang , Yiu-ming Cheung , Xinmei Tian , Xu Shen , Jieping Ye

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly relied upon to evaluate text outputs of other LLMs, thereby influencing leaderboards and development decisions. However, concerns persist over the accuracy of these assessments and the potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Sumanth Doddapaneni , Mohammed Safi Ur Rahman Khan , Sshubam Verma , Mitesh M. Khapra

The art of heuristic design has traditionally been a human pursuit. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code for search heuristics, their application has largely been confined to adjusting simple functions within human-crafted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Guorui Quan , Mingfei Sun , Manuel López-Ibáñez

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in code generation, yet their true programming competence remains underexplored. We introduce the Code Triangle framework, which systematically evaluates LLMs across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Taolin Zhang , Zihan Ma , Maosong Cao , Junnan Liu , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen

The impressive performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) has consistently surpassed numerous human-designed benchmarks, presenting new challenges in assessing the shortcomings of LLMs. Designing tasks and finding LLMs' limitations are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Yulong Chen , Yang Liu , Jianhao Yan , Xuefeng Bai , Ming Zhong , Yinghao Yang , Ziyi Yang , Chenguang Zhu , Yue Zhang