English
Related papers

Related papers: Rethinking Uncertainty Quantification and Entangle…

200 papers

Uncertainties from model parameters and model discrepancy from small-scale models impact the accuracy and reliability of predictions of large-scale systems. Inadequate representation of these uncertainties may result in inaccurate and…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-18 K. Sham Bhat , David S. Mebane , Curtis B. Storlie , Priyadarshi Mahapatra

Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds the potential to dramatically improve patient care. However, it is not infallible, necessitating human-AI-collaboration to ensure safe implementation. One aspect of AI safety is the models' ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Anna M. Wundram , Christian F. Baumgartner

Using a cyclotron based model problem, we demonstrate for the first time the applicability and usefulness of a uncertainty quantification (UQ) approach in order to construct surrogate models for quantities such as emittance, energy spread…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-12-13 Andreas Adelmann

Data uncertainties, such as sensor noise, occlusions or limitations in the acquisition method can introduce irreducible ambiguities in images, which result in varying, yet plausible, semantic hypotheses. In Machine Learning, this ambiguity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 M. M. Amaan Valiuddin , Christiaan G. A. Viviers , Ruud J. G. van Sloun , Peter H. N. de With , Fons van der Sommen

Uncertainty estimation is an essential and heavily-studied component for the reliable application of semantic segmentation methods. While various studies exist claiming methodological advances on the one hand, and successful application on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Kim-Celine Kahl , Carsten T. Lüth , Maximilian Zenk , Klaus Maier-Hein , Paul F. Jaeger

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) helps to make trustworthy predictions based on collected observations and uncertain domain knowledge. With increased usage of deep learning in various applications, the need for efficient UQ methods that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Olga Graf , Pablo Flores , Pavlos Protopapas , Karim Pichara

Reliable uncertainty quantification is crucial for trustworthy decision-making and the deployment of AI models in medical imaging. While prior work has explored the ability of neural networks to quantify predictive, epistemic, and aleatoric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-07 Simon Baur , Wojciech Samek , Jackie Ma

This paper introduces an efficient sub-model ensemble framework aimed at enhancing the interpretability of medical deep learning models, thus increasing their clinical applicability. By generating uncertainty maps, this framework enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Weijie Chen , Alan McMillan

The use of deep learning for medical imaging has seen tremendous growth in the research community. One reason for the slow uptake of these systems in the clinical setting is that they are complex, opaque and tend to fail silently. Outside…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Terrance DeVries , Graham W. Taylor

Segmentation tasks in medical imaging are inherently ambiguous: the boundary of a target structure is oftentimes unclear due to image quality and biological factors. As such, predicted segmentations from deep learning algorithms are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-18 Katharina Hoebel , Ken Chang , Jay Patel , Praveer Singh , Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is essential for deploying deep neural networks in safety-critical settings. Although methods like Deep Ensembles achieve strong UQ performance, their high computational and memory costs hinder scalability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Firas Gabetni , Giuseppe Curci , Andrea Pilzer , Subhankar Roy , Elisa Ricci , Gianni Franchi

This study investigates uncertainty quantification (UQ) using quantum-classical hybrid machine learning (ML) models for applications in complex and dynamic fields, such as attaining resiliency in supply chain digital twins and financial…

Deep unrolling is an emerging deep learning-based image reconstruction methodology that bridges the gap between model-based and purely deep learning-based image reconstruction methods. Although deep unrolling methods achieve…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-21 Canberk Ekmekci , Mujdat Cetin

We propose a novel, succinct, and effective approach for distribution prediction to quantify uncertainty in machine learning. It incorporates adaptively flexible distribution prediction of $\mathbb{P}(\mathbf{y}|\mathbf{X}=x)$ in regression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Xing Yan , Yonghua Su , Wenxuan Ma

When does a large language model (LLM) know what it does not know? Uncertainty quantification (UQ) provides measures of uncertainty, such as an estimate of the confidence in an LLM's generated output, and is therefore increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Debarun Bhattacharjya , Balaji Ganesan , Junkyu Lee , Radu Marinescu , Katsiaryna Mirylenka , Michael Glass , Xiao Shou

Neural Network (NN) models provide potential to speed up the drug discovery process and reduce its failure rates. The success of NN models require uncertainty quantification (UQ) as drug discovery explores chemical space beyond the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Ya Ju Fan , Jonathan E. Allen , Kevin S. McLoughlin , Da Shi , Brian J. Bennion , Xiaohua Zhang , Felice C. Lightstone

Safe deployment of graph neural networks (GNNs) under distribution shift requires models to provide accurate confidence indicators (CI). However, while it is well-known in computer vision that CI quality diminishes under distribution shift,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Puja Trivedi , Mark Heimann , Rushil Anirudh , Danai Koutra , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

In complex physical process characterization, such as the measurement of the regression rate for solid hybrid rocket fuels, where both the observation data and the model used have uncertainties originating from multiple sources, combining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Georgios Georgalis , Kolos Retfalvi , Paul E. DesJardin , Abani Patra

Aleatoric (data) and epistemic (knowledge) uncertainty are textbook components of Uncertainty Quantification. Jointly estimating these components has been shown to be problematic and non-trivial. As a result, there are multiple ways to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Ivo Pascal de Jong , Andreea Ioana Sburlea , Matthia Sabatelli , Matias Valdenegro-Toro

Foundation models for segmentation such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) family exhibit strong zero-shot performance, but remain vulnerable in shifted or limited-knowledge domains. This work investigates whether uncertainty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jesse Brouwers , Xiaoyan Xing , Alexander Timans