English
Related papers

Related papers: ClawTrap: A MITM-Based Red-Teaming Framework for R…

200 papers

Effective incident response (IR) is critical for mitigating cyber threats, yet security teams are overwhelmed by alert fatigue, high false-positive rates, and the vast volume of unstructured Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) documents. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Amine Tellache , Abdelaziz Amara Korba , Amdjed Mokhtari , Horea Moldovan , Yacine Ghamri-Doudane

With LLM usage rapidly increasing, their vulnerability to jailbreaks that create harmful outputs are a major security risk. As new jailbreaking strategies emerge and models are changed by fine-tuning, continuous testing for security…

Proactive approaches to security, such as adversary emulation, leverage information about threat actors and their techniques (Cyber Threat Intelligence, CTI). However, most CTI still comes in unstructured forms (i.e., natural language),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Vittorio Orbinato , Mariarosaria Barbaraci , Roberto Natella , Domenico Cotroneo

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as black-box components in real-world applications, red teaming has become essential for identifying potential risks. It tests LLMs with adversarial prompts to uncover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jiale Ding , Xiang Zheng , Yutao Wu , Cong Wang , Wei-Bin Lee , Ling Pan , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

As the practicality of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) based techniques grow, there is an ever increasing threat of adversarial attacks. There is a need to red team this ecosystem to identify system vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Chuyen Nguyen , Caleb Morgan , Sudip Mittal

Activation probes are attractive monitors for AI systems due to low cost and latency, but their real-world robustness remains underexplored. We ask: What failure modes arise under realistic, black-box adversarial pressure, and how can we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Phil Blandfort , Robert Graham

Jailbreaks on large language models (LLMs) have recently received increasing attention. For a comprehensive assessment of LLM safety, it is essential to consider jailbreaks with diverse attributes, such as contextual coherence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Xingang Guo , Fangxu Yu , Huan Zhang , Lianhui Qin , Bin Hu

Multi-Agent Debate (MAD), leveraging collaborative interactions among Large Language Models (LLMs), aim to enhance reasoning capabilities in complex tasks. However, the security implications of their iterative dialogues and role-playing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Senmao Qi , Yifei Zou , Peng Li , Ziyi Lin , Xiuzhen Cheng , Dongxiao Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results on natural language tasks, and security researchers are beginning to employ them in both offensive and defensive systems. In cyber-security, there have been multiple research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jiacen Xu , Jack W. Stokes , Geoff McDonald , Xuesong Bai , David Marshall , Siyue Wang , Adith Swaminathan , Zhou Li

Large Language Models (LLMs), especially their compact efficiency-oriented variants, remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks that can elicit harmful outputs despite extensive alignment efforts. Existing adversarial prompt generation…

Red-teaming is a common practice for mitigating unsafe behaviors in Large Language Models (LLMs), which involves thoroughly assessing LLMs to identify potential flaws and addressing them with responsible and accurate responses. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Suyu Ge , Chunting Zhou , Rui Hou , Madian Khabsa , Yi-Chia Wang , Qifan Wang , Jiawei Han , Yuning Mao

The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities across various domains and applications; yet it also presents challenges related to potential misuse. To mitigate such risks, red teaming has been employed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yifan Jiang , Kriti Aggarwal , Tanmay Laud , Kashif Munir , Jay Pujara , Subhabrata Mukherjee

With the widespread adoption of open-source code language models (code LMs), intellectual property (IP) protection has become an increasingly critical concern. While current watermarking techniques have the potential to identify the code LM…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Boyu Zhang , Ping He , Tianyu Du , Xuhong Zhang , Lei Yun , Kingsum Chow , Jianwei Yin

Recent advances in AI agents capable of solving complex, everyday tasks, from scheduling to customer service, have enabled deployment in real-world settings, but their possibilities for unsafe behavior demands rigorous evaluation. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Sanidhya Vijayvargiya , Aditya Bharat Soni , Xuhui Zhou , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Nouha Dziri , Graham Neubig , Maarten Sap

Traditional, centralized security tools often miss adaptive, multi-vector attacks. We present the Multi-Agent LLM Cyber Defense Framework (MALCDF), a practical setup where four large language model (LLM) agents-Detection, Intelligence,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Arth Bhardwaj , Sia Godika , Yuvam Loonker

Despite recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and their alignment, they can still be jailbroken, i.e., harmful and toxic content can be elicited from them. While existing red-teaming methods have shown promise in uncovering…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Vasudev Gohil

LLM-based agents execute real-world workflows via tools and memory. These affordances enable ill-intended adversaries to also use these agents to carry out complex misuse scenarios. Existing agent misuse benchmarks largely test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nivya Talokar , Ayush K Tarun , Murari Mandal , Maksym Andriushchenko , Antoine Bosselut

Multi-turn interactions with language models (LMs) pose critical safety risks, as harmful intent can be strategically spread across exchanges. Yet, the vast majority of prior work has focused on single-turn safety, while adaptability and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Salman Rahman , Liwei Jiang , James Shiffer , Genglin Liu , Sheriff Issaka , Md Rizwan Parvez , Hamid Palangi , Kai-Wei Chang , Yejin Choi , Saadia Gabriel

Monitoring the threat landscape to be aware of actual or potential attacks is of utmost importance to cybersecurity professionals. Information about cyber threats is typically distributed using natural language reports. Natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Lukas Lange , Marc Müller , Ghazaleh Haratinezhad Torbati , Dragan Milchevski , Patrick Grau , Subhash Pujari , Annemarie Friedrich

Jailbreaking is an emerging adversarial attack that bypasses the safety alignment deployed in off-the-shelf large language models (LLMs) and has evolved into multiple categories: human-based, optimization-based, generation-based, and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Xunguang Wang , Daoyuan Wu , Zhenlan Ji , Zongjie Li , Pingchuan Ma , Shuai Wang , Yingjiu Li , Yang Liu , Ning Liu , Juergen Rahmel