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Humans leverage rich internal models of the world to reason about the future, imagine counterfactuals, and adapt flexibly to new situations. In Reinforcement Learning (RL), world models aim to capture how the environment evolves in response…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Léopold Maytié , Roland Bertin Johannet , Rufin VanRullen

With the continuous expansion of Large Language Models (LLMs) and advances in reinforcement learning, LLMs have demonstrated exceptional reasoning capabilities, enabling them to address a wide range of complex problems. Inspired by these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Hongrui Jia , Chaoya Jiang , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms can learn robotic control tasks from visual observations, but they often require a large amount of data, especially when the visual scene is complex and unstructured. In this paper, we explore how the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Ameya Pore , Riccardo Muradore , Diego Dall'Alba

Blind face restoration usually synthesizes degraded low-quality data with a pre-defined degradation model for training, while more complex cases could happen in the real world. This gap between the assumed and actual degradation hurts the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Zhixin Wang , Xiaoyun Zhang , Ziying Zhang , Huangjie Zheng , Mingyuan Zhou , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful approach for robot learning. However, model-free RL (MFRL) requires a large number of environment interactions to learn successful control policies. This is due to the noisy RL training updates and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Maria Krinner , Elie Aljalbout , Angel Romero , Davide Scaramuzza

Model-based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for autonomous driving, where data efficiency and robustness are critical. Yet, existing solutions often rely on carefully crafted, task specific extrinsic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Feeza Khan Khanzada , Jaerock Kwon

Deep neural networks have exhibited remarkable performance in image super-resolution (SR) tasks by learning a mapping from low-resolution (LR) images to high-resolution (HR) images. However, the SR problem is typically an ill-posed problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yong Guo , Mingkui Tan , Zeshuai Deng , Jingdong Wang , Qi Chen , Jiezhang Cao , Yanwu Xu , Jian Chen

In real-world applications with large state and action spaces, reinforcement learning (RL) typically employs function approximations to represent core components like the policies, value functions, and dynamics models. Although powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chenxiao Gao , Haotian Sun , Na Li , Dale Schuurmans , Bo Dai

In this paper we tackle the problem of deformable object manipulation through model-free visual reinforcement learning (RL). In order to circumvent the sample inefficiency of RL, we propose two key ideas that accelerate learning. First, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Yilin Wu , Wilson Yan , Thanard Kurutach , Lerrel Pinto , Pieter Abbeel

Deep Reinforcement Learning has enabled the learning of policies for complex tasks in partially observable environments, without explicitly learning the underlying model of the tasks. While such model-free methods achieve considerable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Tanmay Shankar , Santosha K. Dwivedy , Prithwijit Guha

Meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) is a promising framework for tackling challenging domains requiring efficient exploration. Existing meta-RL algorithms are characterized by low sample efficiency, and mostly focus on low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Zohar Rimon , Tom Jurgenson , Orr Krupnik , Gilad Adler , Aviv Tamar

One of the key limitations in conventional deep learning based image reconstruction is the need for registered pairs of training images containing a set of high-quality groundtruth images. This paper addresses this limitation by proposing a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-30 Weijie Gan , Yu Sun , Cihat Eldeniz , Jiaming Liu , Hongyu An , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

To develop generalizable models in multi-agent reinforcement learning, recent approaches have been devoted to discovering task-independent skills for each agent, which generalize across tasks and facilitate agents' cooperation. However,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jinyuan Feng , Min Chen , Zhiqiang Pu , Yifan Xu , Yanyan Liang

Timely and personalized treatment decisions are essential across a wide range of healthcare settings where patient responses can vary significantly and evolve over time. Clinical data used to support these treatment decisions are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Qianyi Xu , Gousia Habib , Feng Wu , Dilruk Perera , Mengling Feng

Training an agent to solve control tasks directly from high-dimensional images with model-free reinforcement learning (RL) has proven difficult. A promising approach is to learn a latent representation together with the control policy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Denis Yarats , Amy Zhang , Ilya Kostrikov , Brandon Amos , Joelle Pineau , Rob Fergus

We study how representation learning can accelerate reinforcement learning from rich observations, such as images, without relying either on domain knowledge or pixel-reconstruction. Our goal is to learn representations that both provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Amy Zhang , Rowan McAllister , Roberto Calandra , Yarin Gal , Sergey Levine

Urban autonomous driving decision making is challenging due to complex road geometry and multi-agent interactions. Current decision making methods are mostly manually designing the driving policy, which might result in sub-optimal solutions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Jianyu Chen , Bodi Yuan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) has proven to be a data efficient approach for learning control tasks but is difficult to utilize in domains with complex observations such as images. In this paper, we present a method for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Marvin Zhang , Sharad Vikram , Laura Smith , Pieter Abbeel , Matthew J. Johnson , Sergey Levine

Chain-of-thought has been proven essential for enhancing the complex reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), but it also leads to high computational costs. Recent advances have explored the method to route queries among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Chenyang Shao , Xinyang Liu , Yutang Lin , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) has been in the spotlight for the past few years, due to its remarkable abilities to solve problems which were considered to be practically unsolvable using traditional Machine Learning methods.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Aristotelis Lazaridis , Ioannis Vlahavas