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Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at many reasoning tasks but struggle with knowledge-intensive queries due to their inability to dynamically access up-to-date or domain-specific information. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Minghao Guo , Qingcheng Zeng , Xujiang Zhao , Yanchi Liu , Wenchao Yu , Mengnan Du , Haifeng Chen , Wei Cheng

Vulnerability databases, such as the National Vulnerability Database (NVD), offer detailed descriptions of Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs), but often lack information on their real-world impact, such as the tactics, techniques,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Anders Mølmen Høst , Pierre Lison , Leon Moonen

As web agents (e.g., Deep Research) routinely consume massive volumes of web pages to gather and analyze information, LLM context management -- under large token budgets and low signal density -- emerges as a foundational, high-importance,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yihan Chen , Benfeng Xu , Xiaorui Wang , Zhendong Mao

In enterprise settings, efficiently retrieving relevant information from large and complex knowledge bases is essential for operational productivity and informed decision-making. This research presents a systematic empirical framework for…

Deep research agents have emerged as powerful systems for addressing complex queries. Meanwhile, LLM-based retrievers have demonstrated strong capability in following instructions or reasoning. This raises a critical question: can LLM-based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Tiansheng Hu , Yilun Zhao , Canyu Zhang , Arman Cohan , Chen Zhao

The growing frequency of cyberattacks has heightened the demand for accurate and efficient threat detection systems. SIEM platforms are important for analyzing log data and detecting adversarial activities through rule-based queries, also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Prasanna N. Wudali , Moshe Kravchik , Ehud Malul , Parth A. Gandhi , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

While large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in providing trustworthy responses for knowledge-intensive tasks, they still face critical limitations such as hallucinations and outdated knowledge. To address these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zizhong Li , Haopeng Zhang , Jiawei Zhang

Large language model (LLM) based search agents iteratively generate queries, retrieve external information, and reason to answer open-domain questions. While researchers have primarily focused on improving their utility, their safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Qiusi Zhan , Angeline Budiman-Chan , Abdelrahman Zayed , Xingzhi Guo , Daniel Kang , Joo-Kyung Kim

Large Language Models (LLM) continue to demonstrate their utility in a variety of emergent capabilities in different fields. An area that could benefit from effective language understanding in cybersecurity is the analysis of log files.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Egil Karlsen , Xiao Luo , Nur Zincir-Heywood , Malcolm Heywood

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in code generation by leveraging retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods. However, the computational costs associated with LLM inference, particularly in terms of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yanlin Wang , Jiadong Wu , Tianyue Jiang , Mingwei Liu , Jiachi Chen , Chong Wang , Ensheng Shi , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Zibin Zheng

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) expands the capabilities of modern large language models (LLMs), by anchoring, adapting, and personalizing their responses to the most relevant knowledge sources. It is particularly useful in chatbot…

Extracting structured computational representations of historical events from narrative text remains computationally expensive when constructed manually. While RDF/OWL reasoners enable graph-based reasoning, they are limited to fragments of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Stergios Chatzikyriakidis

Large Language Models (LLMs) are constrained by outdated information and a tendency to generate incorrect data, commonly referred to as "hallucinations." Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses these limitations by combining the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Jiaqi Xue , Mengxin Zheng , Yebowen Hu , Fei Liu , Xun Chen , Qian Lou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as the dominant architectural pattern to operationalize Large Language Model (LLM) usage in Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) systems. However, this design is susceptible to poisoning attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Austin Jia , Avaneesh Ramesh , Zain Shamsi , Daniel Zhang , Alex Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to be vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks, wherein adversaries exploit carefully engineered prompts to induce harmful or unethical responses. Such threats have raised critical concerns about the safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Taiye Chen , Zeming Wei , Ang Li , Yisen Wang

Post-disaster reconnaissance reports contain critical evidence for understanding multi-hazard interactions, yet their unstructured narratives make systematic knowledge transfer difficult. Large language models (LLMs) offer new potential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Chenchen Kuai , Zihao Li , Braden Rosen , Stephanie Paal , Navid Jafari , Jean-Louis Briaud , Yunlong Zhang , Youssef M. A. Hashash , Yang Zhou

Long-context language models (LCLMs) have the potential to revolutionize our approach to tasks traditionally reliant on external tools like retrieval systems or databases. Leveraging LCLMs' ability to natively ingest and process entire…

Conventional construction safety inspection methods are often inefficient as they require navigating through large volume of information. Recent advances in large vision-language models (LVLMs) provide opportunities to automate safety…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chenxin Wang , Elyas Asadi Shamsabadi , Zhaohui Chen , Luming Shen , Alireza Ahmadian Fard Fini , Daniel Dias-da-Costa

Identifying relevant legal precedents remains challenging, as most retrieval methods emphasize factual similarity over legal issues, and current systems often lack explanations clarifying case relevance. This paper proposes the use of Large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Vishnuprabha V , Daleesha M Viswanathan , Rajesh R , Aneesh V Pillai