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Gaussian states of bosonic quantum systems enjoy numerous technological applications and are ubiquitous in nature. Their significance lies in their simplicity, which in turn rests on the fact that they are uniquely determined by two…

Recent results have established dramatic advantages in learning properties of quantum states when a quantum computer is available to process or jointly measure multiple copies of the unknown quantum state. Learning tasks can be accomplished…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Spencer Dimitroff , John Kallaugher , Ashe Miller , Mohan Sarovar

Quantum state tomography, aimed at deriving a classical description of an unknown state from measurement data, is a fundamental task in quantum physics. In this work, we analyse the ultimate achievable performance of tomography of…

This paper reviews recent advances in quantum learning theory for continuous-variable (CV) systems. Quantum learning theory investigates how to extract classical information from quantum systems as efficiently as possible. CV systems are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Francesco Anna Mele

The exploration of tomography of bosonic Gaussian states is presumably as old as quantum optics, but only recently, their precise and rigorous study have been moving into the focus of attention, motivated by technological developments. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Lennart Bittel , Francesco A. Mele , Jens Eisert , Antonio A. Mele

In this work, we initiate the study of Hamiltonian learning for positive temperature bosonic Gaussian states, the quantum generalization of the widely studied problem of learning Gaussian graphical models. We obtain efficient protocols,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-08 Marco Fanizza , Cambyse Rouzé , Daniel Stilck França

Quantum state tomography, a fundamental tool for quantum physics, usually requires a number of state copies that scale exponentially with the system size, owing to the intricate quantum correlations between subsystems. We show that, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Xiaobin Zhao , Pengcheng Liao , Francesco Anna Mele , Ulysse Chabaud , Quntao Zhuang

Gaussian states are widely regarded as one of the most relevant classes of continuous-variable (CV) quantum states, as they naturally arise in physical systems and play a key role in quantum technologies. This motivates a fundamental…

Bosonic quantum communication has extensively been analysed in the asymptotic setting, assuming infinite channel uses and vanishing communication errors. Comparatively fewer detailed analyses are available in the non-asymptotic setting,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Francesco Anna Mele , Giovanni Barbarino , Vittorio Giovannetti , Marco Fanizza

Gaussian states are the backbone of quantum information protocols with continuous variable systems, whose power relies fundamentally on the entanglement between the different modes. In the case of global pure states, knowledge of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Fernando Nicacio , Andrea Valdés-Hernández , Ana P. Majtey , Fabricio Toscano

Extendibility of bosonic Gaussian states is a key issue in continuous-variable quantum information. We show that a bosonic Gaussian state is $k$-extendible if and only if it has a Gaussian $k$-extension, and we derive a simple semidefinite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-13 Ludovico Lami , Sumeet Khatri , Gerardo Adesso , Mark M. Wilde

We study the problems of quantum tomography and shadow tomography using measurements performed on individual, identical copies of an unknown $d$-dimensional state. We first revisit a known lower bound due to Haah et al. (2017) on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Angus Lowe , Ashwin Nayak

We locate the set of pairs $(\rho_{1},\rho_{2})$ of Gaussian states of a single mode electromagnetic field that exhibit maximal trace distance subject to the energy constraint $\langle a^{\dagger}a \rangle_{\rho_{1}}=\langle a^{\dagger}a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 T. J. Volkoff

We study the closeness of an experimental unitary bosonic network with only partially indistinguishable bosons in an arbitrary mixed input state, in particular an experimental realization of the Boson Sampling, to the ideal bosonic network,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-08 V. S. Shchesnovich

We study the problem of learning general (i.e., not necessarily homogeneous) halfspaces with Random Classification Noise under the Gaussian distribution. We establish nearly-matching algorithmic and Statistical Query (SQ) lower bound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Ilias Diakonikolas , Jelena Diakonikolas , Daniel M. Kane , Puqian Wang , Nikos Zarifis

We prove that $\tilde{\Theta}(k d^2 / \varepsilon^2)$ samples are necessary and sufficient for learning a mixture of $k$ Gaussians in $\mathbb{R}^d$, up to error $\varepsilon$ in total variation distance. This improves both the known upper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Hassan Ashtiani , Shai Ben-David , Nick Harvey , Christopher Liaw , Abbas Mehrabian , Yaniv Plan

The aim of the present note is to show that the method of our paper ArXiv:2408.11400 with minor extra efforts can be extended to obtain upper bounds for the Bures distance between quantum Gaussian states. We argue that these bounds are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-09 A. S. Holevo

Quantum state tomography is a fundamental problem in quantum computing. Given $n$ copies of an unknown $N$-qubit state $\rho \in \mathbb{C}^{d \times d},d=2^N$, the goal is to learn the state up to an accuracy $\epsilon$ in trace distance,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-26 Jayadev Acharya , Abhilash Dharmavarapu , Yuhan Liu , Nengkun Yu

Non-Gaussian states are essential resources in quantum information processing. In this work, we investigate methods for quantifying bosonic non-Gaussianity in many-body systems. Building on recent theoretical insights into the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Kaifeng Bu , Bikun Li

Bosonic Gaussian unitaries are fundamental building blocks of central continuous-variable quantum technologies such as quantum-optic interferometry and bosonic error-correction schemes. In this work, we present the first time-efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Marco Fanizza , Vishnu Iyer , Junseo Lee , Antonio A. Mele , Francesco A. Mele
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