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Large Language Model (LLM) agents provide powerful automation capabilities, but they also create a substantially broader attack surface than traditional applications due to their tight integration with non-deterministic models and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Sina Abdollahi , Mohammad M Maheri , Javad Forough , Amir Al Sadi , Josh Millar , David Kotz , Marios Kogias , Hamed Haddadi

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate over long and recurring external contexts, like document corpora and code repositories. Across invocations, existing approaches preserve either the agent's trajectory, passive access to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zhuohan Gu , Qizheng Zhang , Omar Khattab , Samuel Madden

As LLM applications grow more complex, developers are increasingly adopting multi-agent architectures to decompose workflows into specialized, collaborative components, introducing structure that constrains agent behavior and exposes useful…

Procedural memory enables large language model (LLM) agents to internalize "how-to" knowledge, theoretically reducing redundant trial-and-error. However, existing frameworks predominantly suffer from a "passive accumulation" paradigm,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zouying Cao , Jiaji Deng , Li Yu , Weikang Zhou , Zhaoyang Liu , Bolin Ding , Hai Zhao

We present Springdrift, a persistent runtime for long-lived LLM agents. The system integrates an auditable execution substrate (append-only memory, supervised processes, git-backed recovery), a case-based reasoning memory layer with hybrid…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Seamus Brady

We introduce an architecture for studying the behavior of large language model (LLM) agents in the absence of externally imposed tasks. Our continuous reason and act framework, using persistent memory and self-feedback, enables sustained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Stefan Szeider

LLM agents that retrieve external knowledge typically generate a search query as text, then run a separate embedding model to encode it into a vector. This two-model pipeline adds infrastructure complexity and latency, yet is redundant: the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Bo Jiang

Existing language model applications struggle to meet the demand for emotionally oriented support, primarily due to their inability to maintain deep, persistent context across sessions. This report introduces Psych LM, an iOS application…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Alexander Mihalcea

Large Language Model (LLM) -in-the-loop applications have been shown to effectively interpret the human user's commands, make plans, and operate external tools/systems accordingly. Still, the operation scope of the LLM agent is limited to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Daniel Chin , Yuxuan Wang , Gus Xia

Agentic AI shifts LLM serving from isolated prompt-generation requests to stateful, multi-turn executions that repeatedly invoke the model, call tools, and grow context over time. This paper characterizes ReAct-style agents from both the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yichao Yuan , Ankita Nayak , Souvik Kundu , Nishil Talati

The field of Artificial Intelligence is undergoing a transition from Generative AI -- probabilistic generation of text and images -- to Agentic AI, in which autonomous systems execute actions within external environments on behalf of users.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Sheng Cao , Zhao Chang , Chang Li , Hannan Li , Liyao Fu , Ji Tang

Recent advanced LLM-powered agent systems have exhibited their remarkable capabilities in tackling complex, long-horizon tasks. Nevertheless, they still suffer from inherent limitations in resource efficiency, context management, and…

Large Language Models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains, yet significant challenges persist when deploying them as AI agents for real-world long-horizon tasks. Existing LLM agents suffer from a critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Cheng Yang , Xuemeng Yang , Licheng Wen , Daocheng Fu , Jianbiao Mei , Rong Wu , Pinlong Cai , Yufan Shen , Nianchen Deng , Botian Shi , Yu Qiao , Haifeng Li

Multi-agent LLM systems have become the dominant production workload, but the serving stack was not built for them. The agent framework above knows agent identities, role, schemas, and dispatch structure but never sees an engine-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Rui Zhang , Chaeeun Kim , Liting Hu

Foundation models are increasingly used to personalize learning, yet many systems still assume fixed curricula or coarse progress signals, limiting alignment with learners' day-to-day needs. At the other extreme, lightweight incidental…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Justin Cui , Kevin Pu , Tovi Grossman

While frontier large language models (LLMs) are capable tool-using agents, current AI systems still operate in a strict turn-based fashion, oblivious to passage of time. This synchronous design forces user queries and tool-use to occur…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Antonio A. Ginart , Naveen Kodali , Jason Lee , Caiming Xiong , Silvio Savarese , John Emmons

Since their inception, programming languages have trended towards greater readability and lower barriers for programmers. Following this trend, natural language can be a promising type of programming language that provides great flexibility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Shuyuan Xu , Zelong Li , Kai Mei , Yongfeng Zhang

LLM-based agents are increasingly capable of complex task execution, yet current agentic systems remain constrained by text-centric paradigms that struggle with long-horizon tasks due to fragile multi-turn dependencies and context drift. We…

Operating LLMs as coordinated multi-agent research systems over multi-hour runs surfaces failure modes that single-shot evaluation cannot: upstream providers throttle without warning, sub-agents drift the task to fit accessible tools,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Sasank Annapureddy

Embodied agents operating in multi-agent, partially observable, and decentralized environments must plan and act despite pervasive uncertainty about hidden objects and collaborators' intentions. Recent advances in applying Large Language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 SeungWon Seo , SooBin Lim , SeongRae Noh , Haneul Kim , HyeongYeop Kang
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