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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently been proposed as a means to generate natural-language explanations for face recognition decisions. While such explanations facilitate human interpretability, their reliability on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Redwan Sony , Anil K Jain , Arun Ross

Recent endeavors in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) aim to unify visual comprehension and generation by combining LLM and diffusion models, the state-of-the-art in each task, respectively. Existing approaches rely on spatial visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kaihang Pan , Wang Lin , Zhongqi Yue , Tenglong Ao , Liyu Jia , Wei Zhao , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Hanwang Zhang

Unlocking spatial reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is crucial for enabling intelligent interaction with 3D environments. While prior efforts often rely on explicit 3D inputs or specialized model architectures, we ask:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Fangrui Zhu , Hanhui Wang , Yiming Xie , Jing Gu , Tianye Ding , Jianwei Yang , Huaizu Jiang

Text-to-image generation has advanced rapidly with diffusion models, progressing from CLIP and T5 conditioning to unified systems where a single LLM backbone handles both visual understanding and generation. Despite the architectural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Sucheng Ren , Chen Chen , Zhenbang Wang , Liangchen Song , Xiangxin Zhu , Alan Yuille , Liang-Chieh Chen , Jiasen Lu

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning abilities in literal multimodal tasks such as visual mathematics and science question answering. However, figurative language, such as sarcasm, humor, and metaphor, remains a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Seyyed Saeid Cheshmi , Hahnemann Ortiz , James Mooney , Dongyeop Kang

The popularity of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has triggered a recent surge in research efforts dedicated to evaluating these models. Nevertheless, existing evaluation studies of MLLMs primarily focus on the comprehension and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Xiaocui Yang , Wenfang Wu , Shi Feng , Ming Wang , Daling Wang , Yang Li , Qi Sun , Yifei Zhang , Xiaoming Fu , Soujanya Poria

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show impressive vision-language benchmark performance, yet growing concerns about data contamination (test set exposure during training) risk masking true generalization. This concern extends to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ming Liu , Wensheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have allowed recent LLM-based approaches to achieve excellent performance on long-video understanding benchmarks. We investigate how extensive world knowledge and strong reasoning skills of underlying LLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Kanchana Ranasinghe , Xiang Li , Kumara Kahatapitiya , Michael S. Ryoo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in mathematical reasoning, particularly with text-based mathematical problems. However, current multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), especially those specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhen Yang , Jinhao Chen , Zhengxiao Du , Wenmeng Yu , Weihan Wang , Wenyi Hong , Zhihuan Jiang , Bin Xu , Jie Tang

Multispectral pedestrian detection is a crucial component in various critical applications. However, a significant challenge arises due to the misalignment between these modalities, particularly under real-world conditions where data often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Taeheon Kim , Sangyun Chung , Youngjoon Yu , Yong Man Ro

Dynamic scenes contain intricate spatio-temporal information, crucial for mobile robots, UAVs, and autonomous driving systems to make informed decisions. Parsing these scenes into semantic triplets <Subject-Predicate-Object> for accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hang Zhang , Zhuoling Li , Jun Liu

Human motion analysis tasks, such as temporal 3D pose estimation, motion prediction, and motion in-betweening, play an essential role in computer vision. However, current paradigms suffer from severe fragmentation. First, the field is split…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xinshun Wang , Peiming Li , Ziyi Wang , Zhongbin Fang , Zhichao Deng , Songtao Wu , Jason Li , Mengyuan Liu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown promise in improving the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the specific challenges of adapting RL to multimodal data and formats remain relatively unexplored. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zirun Guo , Minjie Hong , Tao Jin

Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have reached remarkable levels of proficiency in understanding multimodal inputs. However, understanding and interpreting the behavior of such complex models is a challenging task, not to mention the dynamic shifts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Pegah Khayatan , Mustafa Shukor , Jayneel Parekh , Arnaud Dapogny , Matthieu Cord

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve stronger visual understanding by scaling input fidelity, yet the resulting visual token growth makes jointly sustaining high spatial resolution and long temporal context prohibitive. We argue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Huanxuan Liao , Zhongtao Jiang , Yupu Hao , Yuqiao Tan , Shizhu He , Ben Wang , Jun Zhao , Kun Xu , Kang Liu

Clinical decision-making requires reasoning over incomplete, imprecise, and linguistically expressed patient narratives. While large language models (LLMs) excel at extracting latent information from natural language, they lack the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xiaoyang Fan , Yufan Cai , Zhe Hou , Jin Song Dong

Based on the foundation of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multilingual LLMs (MLLMs) have been developed to address the challenges faced in multilingual natural language processing, hoping to achieve knowledge transfer from high-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuemei Xu , Ling Hu , Jiayi Zhao , Zihan Qiu , Kexin XU , Yuqi Ye , Hanwen Gu

Notable breakthroughs in unified understanding and generation modeling have led to remarkable advancements in image understanding, reasoning, production and editing, yet current foundational models predominantly focus on processing images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhiyu Tan , Hao Yang , Luozheng Qin , Jia Gong , Mengping Yang , Hao Li

Despite strong performance on vision-language tasks, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with mathematical problem-solving, with both open-source and state-of-the-art models falling short of human performance on visual-math…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 William Rudman , Michal Golovanevsky , Amir Bar , Vedant Palit , Yann LeCun , Carsten Eickhoff , Ritambhara Singh

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved significant advances in integrating visual and linguistic information, yet their ability to reason about complex and real-world scenarios remains limited. The existing benchmarks are…

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