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With rapid advancements in quantum computing, it is widely anticipated that scalable quantum hardware may threaten classical cryptography and hence, the internet and the current information security infrastructure in the coming decade. This…
In the effort to develop useful quantum computers simulating quantum machines with conventional computing resources is a key capability. Such simulations will always face limits preventing the emulation of quantum computers of substantial…
We present a protocol for encoding $N$ real numbers stored in $N$ memory registers into the amplitudes of the quantum superposition that describes the state of $\log_2N$ qubits. This task is one of the main steps in quantum machine learning…
The oblivious transfer primitive is sufficient to implement secure multiparty computation. However, secure multiparty computation based only on classical cryptography is severely limited by the security and efficiency of the oblivious…
We briefly review what a quantum computer is, what it promises to do for us, and why it is so hard to build one. Among the first applications anticipated to bear fruit is quantum simulation of quantum systems. While most quantum computation…
This note presents a practical cryptography protocol for transmitting classical and quantum information secretly and directly.
Differential privacy provides a theoretical framework for processing a dataset about $n$ users, in a way that the output reveals a minimal information about any single user. Such notion of privacy is usually ensured by noise-adding…
Quantum copy protection uses the unclonability of quantum states to construct quantum software that provably cannot be pirated. Copy protection would be immensely useful, but unfortunately little is known about how to achieve it in general.…
Noise causes severe difficulties in implementing quantum computing and quantum cryptography. Several schemes have been suggested to reduce this problem, mainly focusing on quantum computation. Motivated by quantum cryptography, we suggest a…
Quantum computing promises to revolutionize several scientific and technological domains through fundamentally new ways of processing information. Among its most compelling applications is digital quantum simulation, where quantum computers…
Stochastic processes underlie a vast range of natural and social phenomena. Some processes such as atomic decay feature intrinsic randomness, whereas other complex processes, e.g. traffic congestion, are effectively probabilistic because we…
Quantum computing promises to solve problems beyond the reach of classical computers, but today's quantum hardware is error-prone and much slower than classical hardware. Every quantum operation is costly, making it crucial to minimize…
From telecommunication to computing architectures, the realm of classical information hinges on converter technology to enable the exchange of data between digital and analog formats, a process now routinely performed across a variety of…
We provide modular circuit-level implementations and resource estimates for several methods of block-encoding a dense $N\times N$ matrix of classical data to precision $\epsilon$; the minimal-depth method achieves a $T$-depth of…
Quantum computation can be performed by encoding logical qubits into the states of two or more physical qubits, and controlling a single effective exchange interaction and possibly a global magnetic field. This "encoded universality"…
In two-party quantum communication complexity, Alice and Bob receive some classical inputs and wish to compute some function that depends on both these inputs, while minimizing the communication. This model has found numerous applications…
Quantum computing had a profound impact on cryptography. Shor's discovery of an efficient quantum algorithm for factoring large integers implies that many existing classical systems based on computational assumptions can be broken, once a…
It is well known that quantum technology allows for an unprecedented level of data and software protection for quantum computers as well as for quantum-assisted classical computers. To exploit these properties, probabilistic one-time…
Quantum data locking is a protocol that allows for a small secret key to (un)lock an exponentially larger amount of information, hence yielding the strongest violation of the classical one-time pad encryption in the quantum setting. This…
Quantum computing is a cutting-edge field of information technology that harnesses the principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations. It has major implications for the cyber security industry. Existing cyber protection…