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Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have emerged as prominent candidates for embedded and edge AI. Their inherent low power consumption makes them far more efficient than conventional ANNs in scenarios where energy budgets are tightly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Dogukan Aksu , Jesus Martinez del Rincon , Ihsen Alouani

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model building among a large number of participants without the need for explicit data sharing. But this approach shows vulnerabilities when privacy inference attacks are applied to it. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Pretom Roy Ovi , Emon Dey , Nirmalya Roy , Aryya Gangopadhyay

Federated learning is a decentralized learning paradigm introduced to preserve privacy of client data. Despite this, prior work has shown that an attacker at the server can still reconstruct the private training data using only the client…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Joshua C. Zhao , Ahaan Dabholkar , Atul Sharma , Saurabh Bagchi

Gradient inversion (GI) attacks present a threat to the privacy of clients in federated learning (FL) by aiming to enable reconstruction of the clients' data from communicated model updates. A number of such techniques attempts to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Huancheng Chen , Haris Vikalo

Federated Learning (FL) has become very popular since it enables clients to train a joint model collaboratively without sharing their private data. However, FL has been shown to be susceptible to backdoor and inference attacks. While in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Huimin Li , Phillip Rieger , Shaza Zeitouni , Stjepan Picek , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Federated Learning (FL) framework brings privacy benefits to distributed learning systems by allowing multiple clients to participate in a learning task under the coordination of a central server without exchanging their private data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Zhuohang Li , Jiaxin Zhang , Luyang Liu , Jian Liu

With the introduction of regulations related to the ``right to be forgotten", federated learning (FL) is facing new privacy compliance challenges. To address these challenges, researchers have proposed federated unlearning (FU). However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Lei Zhou , Youwen Zhu

Federated learning is a private-by-design distributed learning paradigm where clients train local models on their own data before a central server aggregates their local updates to compute a global model. Depending on the aggregation method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Jin Xu , Chi Hong , Jiyue Huang , Lydia Y. Chen , Jérémie Decouchant

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train machine learning models under the coordination of a central server, while maintaining privacy. However, the server cannot directly monitor the local training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Binbin Ding , Penghui Yang , Sheng-Jun Huang

Federated Learning (FL) trains a black-box and high-dimensional model among different clients by exchanging parameters instead of direct data sharing, which mitigates the privacy leak incurred by machine learning. However, FL still suffers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Qi Tan , Qi Li , Yi Zhao , Zhuotao Liu , Xiaobing Guo , Ke Xu

Federated learning has been proposed as a privacy-preserving machine learning framework that enables multiple clients to collaborate without sharing raw data. However, client privacy protection is not guaranteed by design in this framework.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Kai Yue , Richeng Jin , Chau-Wai Wong , Dror Baron , Huaiyu Dai

Gradient inversion attacks on federated learning systems reconstruct client training data from exchanged gradient information. To defend against such attacks, a variety of defense mechanisms were proposed. However, they usually lead to an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Daniel Scheliga , Patrick Mäder , Marco Seeland

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a popular paradigm for collaborative learning among multiple parties. It is considered privacy-friendly because local data remains on personal devices, and only intermediate parameters -- such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Qiongxiu Li , Lixia Luo , Agnese Gini , Changlong Ji , Zhanhao Hu , Xiao Li , Chengfang Fang , Jie Shi , Xiaolin Hu

The growing concern over data privacy, the benefits of utilizing data from diverse sources for model training, and the proliferation of networked devices with enhanced computational capabilities have all contributed to the rise of federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Rui Zhang , Ka-Ho Chow , Ping Li

We show that aggregated model updates in federated learning may be insecure. An untrusted central server may disaggregate user updates from sums of updates across participants given repeated observations, enabling the server to recover…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Maximilian Lam , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks , Vijay Janapa Reddi , Michael Mitzenmacher

Federated learning is considered as an effective privacy-preserving learning mechanism that separates the client's data and model training process. However, federated learning is still under the risk of privacy leakage because of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Yuxuan Wan , Han Xu , Xiaorui Liu , Jie Ren , Wenqi Fan , Jiliang Tang

Federated learning is a framework for collaborative machine learning where clients only share gradient updates and not their private data with a server. However, it was recently shown that gradient inversion attacks can reconstruct this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Dimitar I. Dimitrov , Maximilian Baader , Mark Niklas Müller , Martin Vechev

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to collaborate on building a machine learning model without sharing their private data. Although FL is considered privacy-preserved by design, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yongcun Song , Ziqi Wang , Enrique Zuazua

In this paper, we propose leveraging the active reconfigurable intelligence surface (RIS) to support reliable gradient aggregation for over-the-air computation (AirComp) enabled federated learning (FL) systems. An analysis of the FL…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Deyou Zhang , Ming Xiao , Mikael Skoglund , H. Vincent Poor

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training of machine learning models across distributed clients without sharing raw data, ostensibly preserving data privacy. Nevertheless, recent studies have revealed critical vulnerabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Francesco Diana , André Nusser , Chuan Xu , Giovanni Neglia