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Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as an important paradigm for unlocking reasoning capabilities in large language models, exemplified by the success of OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1. Currently, Group Relative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Shijie Zhang , Kevin Zhang , Zheyuan Gu , Xiang Guo , Rujun Guo , Shaoyu Liu , Guanjun Jiang , Xiaozhao Wang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in building generalist agents that can learn through online interactions. However, applying reinforcement learning (RL) to train LLM agents in multi-turn,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hanchen Zhang , Xiao Liu , Bowen Lv , Xueqiao Sun , Bohao Jing , Iat Long Iong , Zhenyu Hou , Zehan Qi , Hanyu Lai , Yifan Xu , Rui Lu , Hongning Wang , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

Edge computing enables real-time data processing closer to its source, thus improving the latency and performance of edge-enabled AI applications. However, traditional AI models often fall short when dealing with complex, dynamic tasks that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Haoxiang Luo , Yinqiu Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Jiacheng Wang , Gang Sun , Dusit Niyato , Hongfang Yu , Zehui Xiong , Xianbin Wang , Xuemin Shen

With the prospect of autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) agents, studying their tendency for cooperative behavior becomes an increasingly relevant topic. This study is inspired by the super-additive cooperation theory, where the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Filippo Tonini , Lukas Galke

In this paper we present a Reinforcement Learning environment that leverages agent cooperation and communication, aimed at detection, learning and ultimately penalizing betrayal patterns that emerge in the behavior of self-interested…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Nikiforos Pittaras

Often times in imitation learning (IL), the environment we collect expert demonstrations in and the environment we want to deploy our learned policy in aren't exactly the same (e.g. demonstrations collected in simulation but deployment in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Silvia Sapora , Gokul Swamy , Chris Lu , Yee Whye Teh , Jakob Nicolaus Foerster

Efficient exploration remains one of the longstanding problems of deep reinforcement learning. Instead of depending solely on extrinsic rewards from the environments, existing methods use intrinsic rewards to enhance exploration. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 SuMin Oh , WanSoo Kim , HyunJin Kim

Recent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) successes rely on end-to-end learning from fixed-size observational inputs (e.g. image, state-variables). However, many challenging and interesting problems in decision making involve observations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Vince Jankovics , Michael Garcia Ortiz , Eduardo Alonso

We study the emergence of cooperative behaviors in reinforcement learning agents by introducing a challenging competitive multi-agent soccer environment with continuous simulated physics. We demonstrate that decentralized, population-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Siqi Liu , Guy Lever , Josh Merel , Saran Tunyasuvunakool , Nicolas Heess , Thore Graepel

We introduce AegisLLM, a cooperative multi-agent defense against adversarial attacks and information leakage. In AegisLLM, a structured workflow of autonomous agents - orchestrator, deflector, responder, and evaluator - collaborate to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zikui Cai , Shayan Shabihi , Bang An , Zora Che , Brian R. Bartoldson , Bhavya Kailkhura , Tom Goldstein , Furong Huang

Interactive Task Learning (ITL) systems acquire task knowledge from human instructions in natural language interaction. The interaction design of ITL agents for hierarchical tasks stays uncharted. This paper studied Verbal Apprentice…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Jieyu Zhou , Christopher MacLellan

An ambitious goal for machine learning is to create agents that behave ethically: The capacity to abide by human moral norms would greatly expand the context in which autonomous agents could be practically and safely deployed, e.g. fully…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Adrien Ecoffet , Joel Lehman

The paper begins by exploring the rationality of ethical trust as a foundational concept. This involves distinguishing between trust and trustworthiness and delving into scenarios where trust is both rational and moral. It lays the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Abbas Tariverdi

Humans use language to collectively execute abstract strategies besides using it as a referential tool for identifying physical entities. Recently, multiple attempts at replicating the process of emergence of language in artificial agents…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Shubham Gupta , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Many value-based deep reinforcement learning algorithms rely on target networks - lagged copies of the online network - to stabilize training. While effective, this mechanism introduces a fundamental stability-recency tradeoff: slower…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Leonard S. Pleiss , James Harrison , Maximilian Schiffer

Reinforcement learning algorithms can train agents that solve problems in complex, interesting environments. Normally, the complexity of the trained agent is closely related to the complexity of the environment. This suggests that a highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Trapit Bansal , Jakub Pachocki , Szymon Sidor , Ilya Sutskever , Igor Mordatch

Model-free continuous control for robot navigation tasks using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) that relies on noisy policies for exploration is sensitive to the density of rewards. In practice, robots are usually deployed in cluttered…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Mingyu Cai , Erfan Aasi , Calin Belta , Cristian-Ioan Vasile

Holding on to one's strategy is natural and common if the later warrants success and satisfaction. This goes against widespread simulation practices of evolutionary games, where players frequently consider changing their strategy even…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-05-04 Yongkui Liu , Xiaojie Chen , Lin Zhang , Long Wang , Matjaz Perc

Werewolf is a popular party game throughout the world, and research on its significance has progressed in recent years. The Werewolf game is based on conversation, and in order to win, participants must use all of their cognitive abilities.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Mohiuddeen Khan , Claus Aranha

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful tool for optimal control that has found great success in Atari games, the game of Go, robotic control, and building optimization. RL is also very brittle; agents often overfit to their training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Doseok Jang , Larry Yan , Lucas Spangher , Costas Spanos